有序导电高分子体系金属/类金属行为调控

Good conductivity is the most core feature of the conducting polymers. It is one of the critical targets to look for the metal conducting behavior of conducting polymer since its finding, which is also the basis to exploit its physical property and construct high-performance devices with conducting polymers. With the further investigation on the structure-function correlation of conducting polymers, the necessity and urgency of looking for metal/metal-like behavior based on ordered conducting polymer systems are becoming increasingly prominent. This proposal will primarily identify and establish the crystallization conditions for conducting polymers, such as polypyrrole and poly-3-butylthiophene. To achieve this, novel unconventional micro- and nano-fabrication techniques will be developed and utilized, along with the detailed exploration of size of the confined space, growth temperature, kinds and concentrations of catalysts, etc, to look for the key factor of system construction of ordered conducting polymers, and eventually to realize the controlled fabrication of conducting polymers in multi-dimensional levels. Further, on this basis, by means of chemical doping and/or high-pressure induction as carrier regulation methods, the intrinsic chemical and physical properties of the transport behavior of conducting polymers will be studied and explained in the electro-phonon level. This will further provide theoretical guidance to the controlled regulation of transport property of conducting polymers. Moreover, along with the realization of metal/metal-like behavior, this research will also provide support for “customizing” functional conducting polymers through composition manipulation and molecule design.

良好的导电性是导电高分子应当具备的最核心特征。寻找具有金属行为的导电高分子是在其发现之初就被赋予的内涵，也是探究其物理本质、构筑高性能器件的关键之一。随着对导电高分子结构—功能关系研究的逐步深入，在构筑有序导电高分子体系的基础上寻找金属/类金属行为的必要性和紧迫性正日益凸显。本课题将首先确立聚吡咯、聚3-丁基噻吩等高分子材料的结晶条件：通过开发新型非传统微纳米技术，细致研究限域尺度、生长温度、催化剂种类及浓度等条件对高分子结晶行为影响，寻找并掌握有序导电高分子材料体系构筑的核心因素，最终实现多尺度有序导电高分子材料的可控制备。在此基础上，以化学掺杂和高压诱导作为载流子调控手段，在电声子层次上研究并阐释导电高分子输运行为的化学和物理本质，为导电高分子输运行为的可控调节提供理论指导；在实现导电高分子金属/类金属行为的同时，为通过成分选择和分子设计来“定制”功能性导电高分子材料提供支撑。

良好的导电性是导电高分子应当具备的最核心特征。寻找具有金属行为的导电高分子是在其发现之初就被赋予的内涵，也是探究其物理本质、构筑高性能器件的关键之一。在项目执行期间，本研究组一方面聚焦于有序共轭高分子体系构筑方法开发方面的研究，开发了微腔原位气相沉积技术、液相原位外延聚合、无溶剂原位聚合等新型非传统微纳米制备技术，实现了多种导电高分子有序体系的构筑；另一方面，立足于设计实现的有序聚吡咯材料体系，我们对其中的结构-功能依赖关系进行了深入的研究，在实现了聚吡咯材料输运性能精确调控的同时发现了其中的类金属行为。在此基础上，基于共轭材料的有序性和类金属行为特性，我们进一步拓展了有序导电高分子在高性能智能传感器件和低温能量存储器件中的应用。目前相关低温电池正在黑龙江、西藏等高寒地区进行试点应用。相关的研究成果一方面极大地促进了对共轭高分子有序化及其本征性能的认识，另一方面也为共轭高分子材料的规模化应用提供了一些可能。项目执行期间，发表项目标注论文32篇，申请国家发明专利6项，培养研究生9名（包括4名在读博士生）。