基于横向互作用机制行波管慢波系统的研究

Searching for novel beam-wave interaction mechanisms,novel RF structure and technologies is a new direction of the development of vacuum electronics, which is also an important way to break through the limit of the techniques of the present traveling wave tube (TWT).The concept of transverse interaction in TWT leads to a fire-new electron beam-wave interaction mechanism which may meet the requirement of aerospace communication with higher efficiency and better linearity. In this project, the key problems of the traveling wave tubes based on transverse interaction mechanisms are investigated by theoretical and experimental methods, and the physical laws of the transverse interaction mechanisms are also studied to explain efficient interaction mechanism. Furthermore, in order to study the influence of the high-frequency transverse fields and longitudinal fields on electron efficiency power and linearity, a novel slow wave structure based on the mechanism is obtained. In addition, the coupling of electromagnetic energy and the focusing and collection methods of the electron beam are studied here, and the key parts are verified by experimental research, obtaining the design of a Ka band transverse TWT RF system(output power>500W,efficiency >40%,linearity at saturation:AM/PM <4degree/dB),which is a foundation to develop novel traveling wave tubes with high power, high efficiency and good linearity.

探索新机理、新结构和新技术是目前真空电子学发展的重要方向，也是行波管突破现有技术限制的主要途径。横向互作用机制是新型的行波管工作机制，有助于解决行波管中互作用效率、非线性问题以及二者之间的矛盾，从根本上提高器件的性能，是发展航天通信用高效率和更好线性度微波、毫米波源的重要技术手段。基于此，本项目将对横向互作用机制行波管的关键科学问题进行理论与实验研究，探索横向互作用的物理规律，揭示高效互作用的机理；提出适合于此机制的新型互作用慢波结构，获得提高电子效率和线性度方法；研究电磁波能量耦合以及电子注聚焦和收集方法，进行高频系统的实验研究和机理性验证，得到横向互作用行波管高频系统的设计方案（Ka波段，输出功率大于500瓦，效率大于40%，线性度参量：饱和点AM/PM <4度/dB）为发展大功率、高效率和具有良好线性特性的新型行波管奠定理论与技术基础。

本项目对横向互作用机制行波管的关键物理问题进行了理论与实验研究，探索了横向互作用的物理规律；提出了一系列的慢波结构，包括螺旋双梳齿慢波结构、曲折准平板慢波结构，脊加载正弦波导慢波结构等；同时提出横向互作用行波管高频系统的设计方案，为发展大功率、高效率和具有良好线性特性的新型通讯行波管奠定了理论与技术基础。在国内外重要学术刊物上发表论文38篇，申请国家发明专利6项，培养博士后1人，博士8人，硕士12人。