弱光照条件的海洋水色卫星遥感机理研究

Gennerally, observation by tradiational polar-orbit ocean color satellite remote sensing is near the noon with strong solar incident irradiance. However, the geostationary ocean color satellite needs continue observation during daylight from sunrise to sunset. Thus, geostationary ocean color satellite should be faced with the condition of weak solar incident irradiance at the sunrise or sunset time. During weak solar incident irradiance, the foundational theroy of the ocean color satellite remote sensing under strong solar incident irradiance, which is the radiative transfer models of the atmosphere and ocean based on the plane-parallel mdedium assumption, can not be applied to large solar zenith angle, and it should consider the curvilinear of the Earth surrface. Moreover, under the condition of weak solar incident irradiance, the ocean color signal-to-noise ratio decreases significantly, and the feasibility of satellite remote sensing is also a problem..This project focus on the scientific problem of the geostationary ocean color satellite remote sensing under weak solar incident irradiance. We will firstly develop the coupled ocean-atmosphere vector radiative transfer model for spherical-shell atmosphere and ocean, and quantificationally analyze the effect of the curvilinear of Earth surrface on the radiative transfer. Then, we will investigate the feasibility of ocean color satellite remote sensing under weak solar irradiance, and develop the atmospheric correction model for weak solar incident irradiance, and finally achieve the ocean color remote sensing under weak solar incident irradiance. The result of this study could lay the model foundation for the geostationary ocean color satellite remote sensing,and it could not only be applied to the processing of the geostationary ocean color satellite data and the high latitude poar-orbit ocean color satellite data directly,but also lay the thoery foundation for the development of self-owned geostationary ocean color satellite for next few years.

传统极轨水色卫星遥感通常是在强光照条件下（临近中午）观测，但对于白昼连续观测的静止水色卫星遥感而言，将面临严重的弱光照（早晨或傍晚）观测问题。当太阳天顶角很大时（弱光照条件），目前水色卫星遥感所基于的理论基础，即平面平行分层大气、海洋辐射传输模型将不再适用，须考虑地球曲面效应。此外，在弱光照条件下，水色信噪比严重降低，将面临卫星遥感探测的可行性问题。.本项目主要针对静止水色卫星遥感所面临的弱光照观测问题，研制考虑地球曲面的海洋-大气耦合矢量辐射传输模型,定量分析地球曲面对辐射传输的影响；在此基础上，探索弱光照条件下水色卫星遥感探测的可行性，建立弱光条件下的大气校正模型，实现弱光条件下的海洋水色卫星遥感。本项目研究成果可为静止水色卫星遥感提供模型基础，也可直接应用于静止水色卫星遥感资料及高纬度极轨水色卫星资料的信息处理，并为发展我国自主静止海洋水色卫星打下理论基础。

传统极轨水色卫星遥感通常是在强光照条件下（临近中午）观测，但对于白昼连续观测的静止水色卫星遥感而言，将面临严重的弱光照（早晨或傍晚）观测问题。当太阳天顶角很大时（弱光照条件），目前水色卫星遥感所基于的理论基础，即平面平行分层大气、海洋辐射传输模型将不再适用，须考虑地球曲面效应。此外，在弱光照条件下，水色信噪比严重降低，将面临卫星遥感探测的可行性问题。.项目主要针对静止水色卫星遥感所面临的弱光照观测问题，研制考虑地球曲面的海洋-大气耦合矢量辐射传输模型,定量分析地球曲面对辐射传输的影响；在此基础上，探索弱光照条件下水色卫星遥感探测的可行性，建立弱光条件下的大气校正模型，实现弱光条件下的海洋水色卫星遥感。.经过项目组4年的研究，成功研发了国际少有的考虑地球曲面的海-气耦合矢量辐射传输模型，攻克了地球曲率影响下的大气分子瑞利散射、气溶胶散射和大气漫射透过率查找表生成技术，并建立了考虑地球曲率影响的大气校正模型；阐明了弱光照下各水色要素浓度变化的卫星探测极限，系统评估了弱光照下叶绿素浓度业务化遥感反演模型的适用性。研究成果在《Scientific Reports》、《Remote Sensing of Environment》等国际主流期刊发表SCI/EI论文29篇，并为我国自主静止轨道水色卫星研制打下理论基础。