波分多址脉冲超宽带体制室内多用户高速通信与精确定位机理研究

Indoor communication and positioning techology is a frontier subject in wireless communication. Researches showed that IR-UWB had some advantages in the field of indoor positioning. However, in the face of multiuser simultaneous communication and positioning requirements, the multiuser communication and positioning system can only be realized by time division multiplexing owing to the same UWB pulse waveform for all users, which has some problems such as low communication rate and low spectrum utilization. In order to solve these problems, an indoor communication and positioning approach based on waveform division multiple access UWB (WDMA-UWB) is proposed in this project. The design mechanism of WDMA-UWB pulse waveforms using orthogonal wavelets will be explored, which have good correlation characteristic on the basis of FCC spectral mask. The cognition of dense multipath channel types for indoor WDMA-UWB communication will be studied, and the mechanism of efficient channel estimation will be studied according to the results of channel cognition. The adaptive Rake receiver based on the channel estimation which is used for dense multipath interference elimination will be explored, and the multiple access interference suppression which satisfies the real-time requirement of high speed communication and has excellent performance will also be studied. The reference nodes will be employed to realize accurate positioning while users communicate with each other. The mechanism of WDMA-UWB accurate ranging and the error correction method based on channel cognition results will be explored, and the effective multiuser positioning algorithm will be studied according to ranging results. The communication rate, spectrum utilization and execution efficiency of indoor UWB communication and positioning system will be significantly improved. It can also promote the new structures and new methods of indoor communication and positioning, and lay the foundation for practical application.

室内通信与定位是无线通信领域的前沿热门课题。IR-UWB在室内定位领域具有一定优势，但在多用户同时通信及定位时，各用户波形相同，其时分复用方式导致通信速率、频谱利用率低等问题。本项目提出将波分多址超宽带体制引入室内通信定位领域。探索利用正交小波构造WDMA-UWB通信波形的机制，使其在满足FCC功率谱的限定基础上产生极小的多址干扰。探索室内WDMA-UWB多径信道类型认知研究，并依据认知结果开展高效信道估计机理研究。探索依据信道估计结果构造自适应RAKE接收机消除室内密集多径干扰，并探索满足高速通信实时性要求的多址干扰抑制机制。在多用户通信的同时引入参考基站实现定位，探索依据信道认知的WDMA-UWB精确测距机理及其误差校正方法，并依据测距结果探索高效定位算法。本研究将显著提高室内UWB通信与定位的传输速率、频谱利用率和执行效率，促进室内通信与定位的新体制新方法研究，为实际应用奠定基础。

室内通信与定位是无线通信领域的前沿热门课题。IR-UWB在室内定位领域具有一定优势，但在多用户同时通信及定位时，各用户波形相同，其时分复用方式导致通信速率、频谱利用率低等问题。本项目提出将波分多址超宽带体制引入室内通信定位领域。探索利用正交小波构造WDMA-UWB通信波形的机制，使其在满足FCC功率谱的限定基础上产生极小的多址干扰。探索室内WDMA-UWB多径信道类型认知研究，并依据认知结果开展高效信道估计机理研究。探索依据信道估计结果构造自适应RAKE接收机消除室内密集多径干扰，并探索满足高速通信实时性要求的多址干扰抑制机制。在多用户通信的同时引入参考基站实现定位，探索依据信道认知的WDMA-UWB精确测距机理及其误差校正方法，并依据测距结果探索高效定位算法。本研究将显著提高室内UWB通信与定位的传输速率、频谱利用率和执行效率，促进室内通信与定位的新体制新方法研究，为实际应用奠定基础。