兼具高发光效率和电荷传输性能的梯形分子的设计合成及性能研究

The organic semiconductors that can both transport the charges and emit the light were the active materials for organic light-emitting transistors (OLETs), which would provide a great opportunity to develop ultralight, ultrathin and flexible integrated optoelectronics. In our project, we focus on the design and synthesis of novel ladder-type molecules that can both emit the light and transport the charges based on our reported ladder-type systems. The side chain modification of the ladder structures can tune the emissive wavelengths and quantum yields. The backbone of the ladder structures can promote the charge transport property. Moreover, the alkyl side chain on the bridge units can improve the solubility. All these can allow us to fine-tune the optical and electrical properties as well as the solution processibility. The relationship between the packing structures and opt-electrical properties will also be well investigated based on the X-ray single crystals. The materials will show promising application as the active materials in the organic light emitting transistors. Therefore, the light emissive property of ladder molecules will be strongly increased via the introduction of AIE units on the basis of RIM mechanism. This project will open a new door for the application of AIE materials.

兼具固体发光性能和载流子传送性能材料是开发有机发光场效应晶体管等光电复合器件的基础。在单一器件上同时实现电流调控和高效发光是未来超轻、超薄、可弯曲半导体器件发展的重要方向之一。本申请拟根据前期开发的苯并二噻吩梯形共轭分子体系，通过具有聚集诱导发光性能（AIE）的侧端修饰等方法，制备兼具有高固体发光效率和高电荷传输性能的梯形分子体系。分子主要利用侧端调节分子的发光性能，梯形分子骨架提高分子的电荷传输性能，桥连单元上引入烷基侧链以改善分子的溶解性，系统化的调控分子的固体发光性能，电荷传输性能，溶液加工性能。通过单晶分析，研究分子的堆积结构与光电性能的关系，并为制备发光场效应晶体管提供材料基础。该项目以保持优异电荷传输性能为前提，基于分子内运动受限机理（RIM），引入AIE基元，实现高固体发光效率，通过阐明构效关系，拓展AIE应用领域。

发展新型有机光电材料是有机功能器件和传感领域的研究基础。在本项目研究中，我们首先基于前期梯形分子设计合成，发展了基于苯并二噻吩结构的给受体型梯形共轭分子，系统的研究了其光电性能。在此研究过程中，为了提高分子迁移率，我们通过可控组装调节分子的聚集状态，使原本无室温磷光的分子体系表现出高效的室温磷光特性，基于此，我们系统的研究了通过微掺杂法构筑有机室温磷光的新策略，解析了其发光机制，并成功将其应用于信息防伪和生物成像领域。同时，本项目中在AIE发光材料的发光机制指导下，通过拓展共轭开发了多芳基丁二烯、多芳基吡咯、多芳基喹啉等高效发光体系。经过三年的研究已经建立了新型发光材料体系，并凝练了研究方向，项目执行期间发表30余篇论文，其中以通讯作者在JACS、Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.、Nat. Commun.、Acc. Chem. Res.、 CCS Chem等杂志发表论文20篇，获发明专利3项，硕士毕业2人。