有源功率解耦技术电路与控制的优化研究

The active power decoupling technique is an effective means of dealing with the second-order ripple power in single-phase systems. With it, the bulk passive components are eliminated and the power density and reliability of the power electrical devices can be improved significantly. However, to date the general method of constructing the decoupling circuit topology is lacking, the best decoupling scheme under specific requirements is not clear, and the optimum control performance is not achieved due to the separate controller design for the origin and the decoupling circuits. Addressing these issues, this project intends to optimize the design of the decoupling circuit and its control method. Firstly, the general rules for constructing the decoupling circuit will be refined. Then, based on intelligent algorithms the automation technique of constructing the decoupling circuit topology will be researched. Second, the data-driven performance representation model will be built. And then the multi-objective optimization design method of the decoupling circuit and the optimal selection mechanism of the decoupling schemes will be developed. Finally, after clarifying the coupling relationship between the control for the original circuit and the decoupling circuit, the coordination controller is designed to optimize system performance. Besides, the effect of the decoupling circuit on the system stability will also be revealed. This study is to perfect theoretical system of the active power decoupling technique and will finally promote its proliferation in industry and living.

有源功率解耦技术能有效处理单相系统中的二次脉动功率，消除笨重无源器件的使用，从而显著提高电力电子装置的功率密度和可靠性。针对目前解耦电路拓扑缺乏一般化构造方法、具体需求下的最佳解耦方案不明确、原电路与解耦电路独立设计控制器未实现控制性能最优等问题，本项目拟对解耦电路和控制策略的优化设计方法展开研究。主要研究内容为：①提炼解耦电路构造的一般规律，研究基于智能算法的拓扑自动化构造技术；②建立基于数据驱动的性能表征模型，研究解耦电路性能的多目标优化设计方法和解耦方案的择优选择机制；③厘清原电路与解耦电路之间控制的耦合关系，研究原电路与解耦电路之间的协调控制方法和解耦电路对原系统稳定性的影响关系。本项目的研究旨在进一步完善有源功率解耦技术体系，推动其工业化进程。

根据单相系统的工作原理可知，其交流侧瞬时功率中含有二次脉动功率成分。相对于无源功率解耦技术，有源功率解耦技术具有更高的可靠性和功率密度。本项目旨在研究有源功率解耦电路拓扑的一般化构造方法以及解耦电路和控制策略的优化设计方法。针对有源功率解耦电路拓扑，提出了一种具有降压和解耦功能的电流型整流器，扩宽了电流型整流器的输出电压范围；针对单相电流型变换器直流电流开路极易导致器件损坏的问题，提出了具有高功率密度和高可靠性的解耦电路，打破了电路不能开路的硬性要求。针对有源功率解耦控制，从基于功率平衡(PBBC)的控制方法、基于谐波抑制(HSBC)的控制方法、基于伏秒平衡(VBBC)/电荷平衡(CBBC)的控制方法、基于虚拟阻抗(VIBC)的控制方法四个方面对有源功率解耦控制策略进行了提炼，并对其优缺点进行了对比；提出了基于虚拟LC谐振器的单相电流型整流器功率解耦控制，克服了参数漂移带来的解耦效果降低问题。同时还搭建了实验平台验证了提出的拓扑及控制策略的可行性与正确性。本项目的研究开展有利于完善有源功率解耦技术基础理论，推动有源功率解耦技术在功率变换器系统中的广泛应用。