真空铝热还原制取镁锂合金

Magnesium lithium alloy is the lowest density structure material of metal.And the alloy is high strength - to - weight ratio, high specific stiffness and good damping performance. So is widely used in aerospace field and electronic industry and communication industry with its consumption increasing year by year.At present, the magnesium lithium alloy is produced by blending method of using magnesium and lithium. Lithium fire waste is high during the process and alloy composition is not uniform. The production cost is high.One step method of magnesium and lithium alloy by vacuum aluminothermic reduction gas phase alloying can reduce energy consumption,shorten process and reduce production cost.So the one step method is very promising .The calcination and reduction conditions of one-step vacuum aluminothermic reduction will be systematically studied in order to elucidate the reaction mechanism of producing magnesium lithium alloy by one-step vacuum aluminothermic reduction by using magnesite and lithium carbonate or lithium hydroxide as raw materials and clarify factors affecting magnesium reduction rate,Combining the study of the behavior and influence on the reduction process of the impurity and villaumite to establish the basic theoretical system for producing magnesium lithium alloy by one-step vacuum aluminothermic reduction.The study provide theoretical and technical support for the industrial application.

由于镁锂合金是密度最低的金属结构材料，且具有比强度高、比刚度高、阻尼性能好等优点，广泛应用于航天航空领域、电子工业及通讯行业，其用量逐年增加。目前镁锂合金均是采用金属镁和金属锂兑掺的方式生产的，该方法生产过程锂的烧损高，合金成分不均匀，生产成本高。以菱镁石和碳酸锂为原料，以铝为还原剂真空热还原气相合金化一步生产镁锂合金可降低能耗，缩短流程，降低生产成本，是一种非常具有前景的镁锂合金生产新技术。本项目通过系统研究煅烧工艺和还原条件对镁锂合金还原过程的影响，借助于还原反应热力学和动力学分析，阐明以菱镁石和碳酸锂为原料，真空铝热还原气相合金化生产镁锂合金的还原机理和影响镁锂还原率的机制，同时结合杂质和氟盐添加剂在还原过程的行为及其对还原过程的影响研究，初步建立起真空铝热还原生产镁锂合金的基础理论体系，为进一步促进该技术的工业应用提供理论和技术支撑。

镁锂合金是密度最低的金属结构材料，广泛应用于航天航空领域、电子工业及通讯行业，其用量逐年增加。传统的兑掺法生产镁锂合金熔炼困难，成分不均匀，生产成本高，限制了镁锂合金的应用。本项目对以菱镁石和碳酸锂或氢氧化锂为原料，以铝为还原剂真空热还原气相合金化一步生产镁锂中间合金进行了研究。项目通过系统研究碳酸锂与一水氢氧化锂的煅烧分解过程和镁锂混合氧化物氧化物的还原过程，借助于还原反应热力学和动力学分析，阐明了碳酸锂与一水氢氧化锂分解制备氧化锂的分解机理，明晰了真空热还原气相合金化一步生产镁锂合金的还原机理和影响镁锂还原率的机制，建立了镁锂合金成分调控机制，实现了还原过程中氧化锂的高效还原和制备的镁锂合金均质化，初步建立起真空铝热还原一步生产镁锂合金的基础理论体系。