界面聚合方法可控制备PEDOTs/MXenes复合材料及其传感性能研究

Two dimensional layered transition metal carbide or nitride (MXenes) has great application potential in the fields of electrochemical sensing due to its graphene-like structure and rich physicochemical properties. However, the MXene obtained by etching method contains functional groups such as -OH and -F and the interlayer distance is very small, which results in the decrease of conductivity and specific surface area and then the performance of MXenes in electrochemical sensor is affected. Compositing with conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and its derivatives and analogs (PEDOTs) is expected to improve its performance and expand its application range. In this project, PEDOTs decorated MXenes composites are prepared by interfacial polymerization method using MXenes and PEDOTs as main materials. The composite materials give MXenes high stability, conductivity, specific surface area and sensing properties. The conditions for the preparation of composite materials are systematically studied, and the influence of different components and ratios on the structure, morphology, conductivity, stability and sensing properties of composite materials are investigated. Then, the stability, conductivity, specific surface area and sensing properties of the material are improved. By using the composite material, an electrochemical sensor platform with excellent performance is designed and applied in food safety detection. This project will provide theoretical basis and experimental guidance for the preparation and application of high performance 2D layered composites.

二维层状过渡金属碳化物或氮化物(MXenes)因其具有与石墨烯类似的结构和丰富的物理化学性质，在电化学传感等领域展现出巨大的应用潜力。然而，通过刻蚀得到的MXene含有-OH和-F等官能团且层间距极小，导致了其导电性和比表面积等性能的降低，进而影响了MXenes在电化学传感器件中的性能。与导电聚(3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩)及其衍生物和类似物（PEDOTs）复合有望改善其性能，扩大其应用范围。本项目拟以MXenes和PEDOTs为主体，采用界面聚合法可控制备PEDOTs/MXenes复合材料。系统研究复合材料的制备条件，探索不同材料组分和比例对复合材料的结构和形貌、电导率、稳定性和传感性能等的影响规律。提高材料的稳定性、导电性、比表面积和传感性能。利用该复合材料，设计性能优异的电化学传感平台，开展其在食品安全检测中的应用。本项目研究将为高性能2D层状复合材料的制备和应用提供理论依据和实验指导。

二维层状过渡金属碳化物或氮化物(MXenes)因其具有与石墨烯类似的结构和丰富的物理化学性质，在电化学传感等领域展现出巨大的应用潜力。然而，通过刻蚀得到的MXene含有-OH和-F等官能团且层间距极小，导致了其导电性和比表面积等性能的降低，进而影响了MXenes在电化学传感器件中的性能。将功能材料与Mxene复合有望改善其性能，扩大其应用范围。本项目以MXene和其他功能材料，如金属氧化物、导电聚合物、贵金属、纳米碳等为主体材料，制备二维异质层状结构的复合材料。再以MXenes复合材料构建电化学传感器，探索了其在食品安全的检测研究，如对高毒性和高残留性的农药、抗生素和食品添加剂的检测；系统研究了复合材料的设计、制备与调控，特别是复合材料的微观形貌和微观结构与电化学增强效应之间的关系；阐明了材料各组分间的界面与协同作用，实现了各组分结构与性能的优势互补。该项目的研究成果对构建高性能和高稳定的食品安全检测电化学传感器提供了有益的借鉴。(1) Mxene/金属氧化物传感体系的构建及应用。通过原位氧化和超声插层方法制备了Ti3C2Tx-TiO2和CuxO-MWCNTs-COOH/MXene复合材料，发展了高灵敏的塞菌灵和苯菌灵电化学传感器；(2) Mxene/贵金属传感体系的构建及应用。通过原位氧化还原方式制备了MXene@银纳米簇(AgNCs)/NH2-MWCNTs和MXene@纳米金(AuNPs)复合材料，构建灵敏的比率型和适配体电化学传感器检测多菌灵和氯霉素。(3) Mxene/导电聚合物分子印迹(MIP)传感体系的构建及应用。制备了MIP-聚(羟基甲基-3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)(PEDOT-OH)/MXene/碳纳米角(CNH)和MIP-聚吡咯(PPY)/MXene/NH2-CNTs两种高选择性、高灵敏的分子印迹电化学传感器。(4) Mxene/纳米碳传感体系的构建及应用。设计了Mxene与碳纳米角、碳纳米管、还原石墨烯等的复合，实现了对多菌灵和对乙酰氨基酚的高灵敏检测。