含碳纤维结构电磁屏蔽织物多尺度电学特性分析与等效模型研究

In allusion to the carbon fiber/dielectric fiber hybrid fabric, this project endeavors to prove the possibility of the electromagnetic shielding and electromagnetic invisibility, the hybrid structural fabrics involve the weaving of multidirectional carbon fiber/dielectric fiber enable electromagnetic shielding, will be provided by the use of the theory of photonic crystal/phonon crystal. The multi-scale structures including fiber bundle, single cell and fabric will be determined for the analysis of the electromagnetic shielding behaviors. The novel absorption, reflection and transmission rules of the structural electromagnetic shielding fabric, including the high absorption effect of specific band will be addressed. In addition, the mechanism and model of the structure pertain to the absorption, reflection and transmission regularity and frequency selective domain will be achieved. A kind of flexible electromagnetic shielding fabric with the ability of broadband, high efficiency and piezo-resistivity is expected. Through using a different approach involves structural adjustment rather than component content, this project is valuable for the research of carbon materials and textile materials, such as in the field of flexible electromagnetic shielding devices.

本项目针对碳纤维/介电纤维混杂结构织物的电磁屏蔽和隐身问题，基于光子晶体/声子晶体理论，构建碳纤维/介电纤维混杂结构电磁屏蔽织物；从纤维束、单胞和大到织物的多尺度结构，分析含碳纤维电磁屏蔽织物的电磁波屏蔽行为；揭示结构电磁屏蔽织物新颖的吸收、反射及透射规律，实现特定波段的高吸收效应；表征与确立多重结构对吸收、反射及透射效能规律及频域选择的作用机制与模型；发展一种宽带、高效并具有压电电阻效应的柔性电磁屏蔽织物；以结构调整而非组分增加的创新方式，拓展碳材料和纺织材料在柔性电磁屏蔽器件领域的研究。

本项目针对碳纤维/介电纤维混杂结构织物的电磁屏蔽及其电学特性分析与等效模型研究问题，构建了碳纤维/介电纤维混杂结构电磁屏蔽织物，研究了含碳纤维结构织物的多尺度电学特性与等效电学理论；表征了结构、界面对电学行为的贡献，确立了等效电学模型，提供了一种解耦界面电学性质的方法；揭示了结构电磁屏蔽织物吸收、反射及透射规律，实现特定波段的高吸收效应；以结构调整而非组分增加的创新方式，扩大相关纺织材料和碳材料在电磁屏蔽等领域的研究、应用和设计。主要研究内容和结果：（1）制备了具有频率响应特性的混织结构碳纤维/介电纤维织物，研究了其电磁屏蔽，电热和温度传感等特性。（2）同时，研究了空间分布碳纤维的极化选择对电磁干扰的屏蔽行为。包括纤维取向和交织(各向异性和各向同性结构)、夹角(θ)灵敏度和周期排列结构对电磁屏蔽效能的影响，可为移动环境下，电磁屏蔽行为的评估表征提供一定参考。（3）等效模型建立与界面解耦。建立了等效模型解耦获得材料本体和界面的贡献，实现碳纤维-电极接触界面电阻、平行碳纤维间接触电阻定量解耦，明晰接触界面对整体电学性质的贡献。本项目解耦方法、模型和数据可以为碳纤维和织物的界面电学研究和分析提供提供方法和数据参考。