考虑装箱约束的两级电动汽车路径问题研究

This project study the two-echelon electric vehicle routing problem with loading constraints，which is consist of the freight assignment problem, the first level vehicle routing problem, the second level electric vehicle routing problem and the loading problem with unloading constraints. New exact or heuristic approaches are introduced to solve this problem step by step. Four different problems including electric vehicle routing problem, electric vehicle routing problem with two-dimensional loading constraints, electric vehicle routing problem with three-dimensional loading constraints and electric two-echelon vehicle routing problem with loading constraints are studied. The innovations of this project are threefold. First, a uniform model for the two-echelon electric vehicle routing problem with loading constraints, which aims at minimizing the total cost of the vehicles, is suggested. Second, a branch-and-pricing algorithm to solve the electric vehicle routing problem and a branch-and-cut algorithm for the electric vehicle routing problem with two-dimensional loading constraints are proposed. Third, a new decoupling method to solve the electric two-echelon vehicle routing problem with loading constraints is proposed. This study can save the electric consumption and reduce the logistic cost, which has significant value for energy saving and environmental protection. In addition, as these problems combine two NP-hard problems: loading problem and electric vehicle routing problem, the study of these problems has important theoretical significance.

本项目拟对考虑装箱约束的两级电动汽车路径问题进行研究，该问题耦合了货物到中转站的指派问题、一级常规车辆路径问题、二级电动汽车路径问题和考虑装卸约束的装箱问题。项目采取精确求解与启发式搜索混合的求解策略，递进式地进行问题的求解。依次求解电动汽车路径问题，考虑二维装箱约束的电动汽车路径问题，考虑三维装箱约束的电动汽车路径问题和考虑装箱约束的两级电动汽车路径问题。创新之处在于：提出一个以降低总费用为目标，考虑装箱约束的两级电动汽车路径问题通用模型; 提出了分支定价算法求解电动汽车路径问题和分支切平面方法求解考虑二维装箱约束的电动汽车路径问题;通过新型的解耦机制求解考虑装箱约束的两级电动汽车路径问题。本项目的研究能够有效减少电动汽车运行过程中的耗电量，降低物流成本，对节能和环境保护有着重要意义。此外，该问题结合了装箱和电动汽车路径两个NP难问题，因此，研究该问题具有重要的理论价值。

本项目对考虑装箱约束的两级电动汽车路径问题进行研究，该问题耦合了货物到中转站的指派问题、一级常规车辆路径问题、二级电动汽车路径问题和考虑装卸约束的装箱问题。项目采取精确求解与启发式搜索混合的求解策略，递进式地进行问题的求解。依次求解电动汽车路径问题，考虑二维装箱约束的电动汽车路径问题，考虑三维装箱约束的电动汽车路径问题和考虑装箱约束的两级电动汽车路径问题。创新之处在于：提出一个以降低总费用为目标，考虑装箱约束的两级电动汽车路径问题通用模型; 提出了分支定价算法求解电动汽车路径问题和分支切平面方法求解考虑二维装箱约束的电动汽车路径问题;通过新型的解耦机制求解考虑装箱约束的两级电动汽车路径问题。本项目的研究能够有效减少电动汽车运行过程中的耗电量，降低物流成本，对节能和环境保护有着重要意义。