钨纤维/非晶合金复合材料长杆弹高速侵彻机理研究

Due to its excellent properties in penetration, the tungsten fiber/amorphous alloy composite exhibits enormous application potential in the field of military. However, the penetration mechanism has not been well understood, which deserves further investigation. The tungsten fiber/amorphous alloy composite has the low characteristic temperature (glass transition temperature Tg) and the self-sharpening behavior during the penetration, the effect of temperature rise and self-sharpening behavior on the penetration properties of the composite need further study. In this program, through conducting the experiment on the composite, carrying out the penetration experiment on the long rod of the composite, building and analyzing the penetration model, combining the experiment and theoretical analysis, the penetration mechanism of the tungsten fiber/amorphous alloy composite is well studied. The deformation behavior of the composite under high temperature and high strain rate is obtained from the material test. From the penetration experiment on the long rod of the composite, the variation of the penetration deep with the velocity and the plastic flow behavior of the rod and target are acquired. These provide the experiment basis for building the penetration model. Through building and analyzing the penetration model of the composite, the key parameters which affect the penetration properties of the composite are obtained. The roles of self-sharpening and the low glass transition temperature in the penetration of the composite are further revealed. This program may provide the theoretical basis for the actual application of the tungsten fiber/amorphous alloy composite in the military field.

钨纤维/非晶合金复合材料因其具有优异的穿甲性能而在国防领域显示出巨大的潜在应用前景。但其穿甲机理尚不清楚，仍需深入的研究。钨纤维/非晶合金复合材料具有低的特征温度(玻璃态转变温度Tg)以及穿甲自锐的特性，温升以及自锐对其穿甲性能的影响还需进一步的阐明。本项目通过材料实验、长杆弹穿甲实验、穿甲模型的建立与分析、实验与理论分析相结合，深入的研究钨纤维/非晶合金复合材料长杆弹穿甲机理。通过材料实验获取复合材料高温高应变率下的变形行为。通过复合材料长杆弹穿甲实验获得穿深随速度的变化规律以及弹靶材塑性流动行为，为穿甲模型的建立提供实验依据。通过穿甲理论模型的建立与分析获得影响复合材料长杆弹穿甲性能的关键参数，进一步阐明剪切自锐、非晶合金低的玻璃态转变温度等因素在穿甲中所起的作用。为钨纤维/非晶合金复合材料在国防军事领域的实际应用提供理论依据。

钨纤维/非晶合金复合材料因其具有优异的穿甲性能而在国防领域显示出巨大的潜在应用前景。但其穿甲机理仍需进一步深入研究，钨纤维/非晶合金复合材料具有低的玻璃态转变温度以及穿甲自锐特性，温升以及穿甲自锐对其穿甲性能的影响还需要进一步的阐明。本项目采用实验与理论结合的方法，深入研究了钨纤维/非晶合金复合材料穿甲机理。材料实验方面，对钨纤维/非晶合金复合材料进行了高温高应变率压缩实验，实验发现复合材料屈服强度随温度的升高近似呈线性下降，据此建立了屈服强度随温度变化的函数关系，为穿甲理论模型的建立提供了重要输入。穿甲实验方面，在对已完成的穿甲实验进行整理分析的基础上，补充开展了钨纤维/非晶合金复合材料高速侵彻钢靶实验，实验发现复合材料在穿甲过程中表现出明显的热现象，此外复合材料弹材发生了明显的剪切自锐且已经发生了侵蚀的弹材部分发生了极大的热软化。在实验研究的基础上，建立了钨纤维/非晶合金复合材料理论穿甲模型，并进行量纲分析获得了控制复合材料穿甲效果的关键无量纲参量，分析发现复合材料弹头自锐能减小靶材的惯性阻力，从而使得穿甲效果提升，而复合材料低的玻璃态转变温度使得弹材热软化明显，不利于复合材料穿甲。本项目的研究为钨纤维/非晶合金复合材料在国防军事领域的实际应用提供理论依据。