激光散斑干涉技术诊断托卡马克面向等离子材料微尺度形貌变化研究

Laser speckle interferometry is regard as a most promising diagnostic technique to achieve the in-situ real-time monitoring of the morphological changes on PFMs (Plasma Facing Materials, PFMs) in tokamak, and it can on-line measure the micro-scale morphological changes on PFMs surface, such as erosion and redeposition. Laser speckle interferometry is an important diagnostic method for PWI (Plasma-Wall Interaction, PWI) research, which is of great significance to the long-pulse steady state operation of magnetic confinement fusion device and the safety of the fusion device. This research project is based on the off-line speckle interferometry experimental platform for micro-scale morphological changes diagnostic, and it proposes to design an in-situ speckle interferometry platform for real-time monitoring the first wall in EAST (Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak, EAST), which is satisfied the actual demand of EAST. The off-line speckle interferometry simulation diagnosis of the first wall material under the far-field condition of EAST is also carried out in this project. Furthermore, the influence of low-frequency background mechanical vibration of EAST, which has a strong impact for in-situ speckle interferometry measurement, will be intensive studied. It has greatly contribution to the exploration of vibration feedback compensation mechanism and the development of numerical vibration filtering algorithms. This research project will also optimize the integrated control and data acquisition system for the in-situ speckle interferometry platform. All these efforts in this project will provide a perfect design scheme and an important foundation for laser speckle interferometry to be applied in domestic fusion devices and future CFETR device.

激光散斑干涉技术是最有可能实现托卡马克装置中面向等离子体材料表面形貌原位、在线动态监测的诊断方法，能够实时测量材料表面的侵蚀与再沉积等微尺度形貌变化，是等离子体与壁材料相互作用的重要研究手段之一，对保障磁约束核聚变的长脉冲稳态运行以及装置安全都具有重要意义。本项目基于实验室激光散斑干涉微尺度形貌诊断研究实验平台，拟开展面向聚变装置实际需求的激光散斑干涉EAST原位形貌诊断实验平台设计；开展EAST远场实验条件下壁材料的散斑干涉离线模拟测量；研究EAST装置低频率背景振动对散斑干涉的影响，探索振动反馈补偿机制，开发数值滤振处理算法；优化并完善散斑干涉原位诊断的集成控制与数据采集系统，为散斑干涉技术应用于国内聚变装置和未来CFETR聚变装置，提供完善设计方案和重要工作基础。

清洁安全的核聚变能对解决中国能源供给问题尤其重要，而磁约束托卡马克是目前最有可能实现受控热核聚变的方法。磁约束聚变能的实现主要面临物理和材料两方面的瓶颈问题：高参数稳态等离子体物理问题和托卡马克装置及未来反应堆关键材料问题。等离子体与壁相互作用（Plasma Wall Interaction, PWI）过程与机理的研究有助于解决上述问题，研究PWI的过程与机理并施以有效控制，被认为是实现受控热核聚变的最核心问题之一，对未来中国聚变工程实验堆（China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor, CFETR）的设计、建造和运行都具有重要意义。.激光散斑干涉技术是一种非接触式全场实时测量技术，具有通用性强、测量精度高、测量动态范围宽等诸多优点，因而成为核聚变托卡马克第一壁形貌动态监测的重要诊断手段，可针对第一壁材料表面所发生的形貌变化，如表面位移、应力应变、材料侵蚀、粒子再沉积等，进行原位在线实时测量。