基于Haptic的盲人空间认知及其在路径诱导过程中的应用模式研究

Haptic (vibration) technical information expression is an effective human-computer interaction mode and information transfer mode. It makes up the shortcomings of sound under certain conditions and be an important channel of information transfer for the field of blind navigation/route guidance. As a special kind of walkers, the blind has a specific perception of route guidance environment (including spatial orientation, distance and walking speed etc.). Firstly, the study explores the spatial cognition when blind people is walking and reveals the laws of spatial cognition and influencing factors. Because the blind is more sensitive to the sense of touch resources than ordinary people, it comprehensively applies techniques of GPS, GIS and Haptic (vibration) etc. Through a new mechanism of route guidance for the blind, it works the suitability of different vibration in a variety of situations such as providing the blind the key nodes like junctions and deviation from the planning route and path identification. Finally, it determines the most appropriate vibration mechanism of route guidance for the blind combined with spatial cognition and then establishes an application mode of route guidance which is suitable for blind people. This mode is an aid tool that is more humane and suitable for navigation/route guidance in the field of development of route guidance of blind people. It has a great research value and significance of social reality.

Haptic(震动)技术信息表达是一种有效的人机交互模式和信息传递方式，弥补了在特定条件下声音的缺点与不足，并作为信息传递的重要通道用于盲人导航/路径诱导领域。作为一类特殊的步行者，盲人具有对路径诱导环境特定的感知(包括空间方位、距离、行走速度等)。本研究首先针对盲人行走的空间认知进行探讨，揭示盲人的空间认知规律及影响因子；然后基于敏锐于常人的触觉资源，综合应用GPS，GIS和Haptic(震动)等技术，通过一种盲人路径诱导新机制，探讨向盲人提供路口等关键节点和偏离规划路径以及路径识别等多种情况下的适宜性差异震动，确定盲人最适宜性路径诱导的震动机制；最后结合盲人对偏移路径距离、到达路口节点距离等的空间认知特征，确定偏离路径、到达路口等节点的触发震动阈值，并建立适宜于盲人路径诱导的应用模式。研究成果为盲人路径诱导领域研究和研制更具人性化更适合于盲人导航/路径诱导的辅助工具提供理论和技术基础。

盲人作为特殊的一类人群，对路径诱导环境有特殊的感知。现实生活中，路径多变、环境复杂、干扰因素多，本研究通过向盲人提供路口等关键节点和偏离规划路径以及路径识别等多种情况下的差异性震动，揭示了这些差异性震动机制对盲人路径诱导和兴趣点提醒感知影响，进一步研究了优化的合适盲人路径诱导的振动机制，确定偏离路径、到达路口等节点阈值，并提出适宜于盲人路径诱导的应用模式。研究对盲人心理测试的实践与数据整理分析，得到多种情况下盲人空间认知的评价报告；解决了盲人室内外无法精准定位（10-30cm级别精度）的问题，采用UWB无线定位技术研制了不同情境下盲人辅助路径诱导的原型系统，并在此基础上，对基于Haptic的集成应用模式进行了验证分析。目前，研究提交了一项发明专利（实质审查，申请号：201710463250.2；公开号：CN07260501A），一项软件登记（登记号：2017R11L073669），已经撰写了5篇学术论文。