棉花纤维长度性状近等基因系的构建及其生理特性研究

It is planned to make Xinhai No.16 (sea-island cotton) and Xi9 (upland cotton), both of which are cultivated in Xinjiang, as the parent to foster Naer Isogenic line.These groups will be grown in South Xinjiang and North Xinjiang to observe such characteristics as mineral uptake, photosynthetic performance, active oxygen metabolism under different environments. The present work was carried out by comparing near-isogenic lines (NILs) and xi9 cotton in mineral uptake, photosynthetic performance, active oxygen metabolism.Based on the change of cotton growth and development, researches are still limited concerning the use of biochemical parameters to assess exogenous genes effects on cotton lines and screen the promising parents and crosses.In addition, All lines were conducted to analyze their difference in phenotypic and genetic contribution ratios of biochemical traits and molecular markers, fiber length properties and to further screen the promising parents and hybrids among hybrid crosses and their parents lines.

本研究选用新疆自育的陆地棉和海岛棉品种杂交-回交，培育陆地棉纤维长度性状近等基因系，通过本地区特殊的气候条件，分析生理生化性状、重要农艺、经济性状和纤维品质的遗传效应；并在分子标记的基础上，分析群体的遗传结构,从而寻找影响纤维长度性状的的关键生理生化指标和分子标记,探讨和分析棉花纤维长度性状的基因网络，以期为棉花纤维长度性状的标记辅助选择和棉花优质新品种的培育提供理论依据及早期筛选指标。

本研究选用新疆自育的陆地棉和海岛棉品种杂交-回交，培育陆地棉纤维长度性状近等基因系，通过本地区特殊的气候条件，分析生理生化性状、重要农艺、经济性状和纤维品质的遗 传效应；并在分子标记的基础上，分析群体的遗传结构,从而寻找影响纤维长度性状的的关键 生理生化指标和分子标记,探讨和分析棉花纤维长度性状的基因网络，以期为棉花纤维长度性 状的标记辅助选择和棉花优质新品种的培育提供理论依据及早期筛选指标。主要结果如下：.1综合分析发现纤维整齐度、水分利用效率、水蒸气压亏缺、类胡萝卜素、蒸腾速率和叶绿素a对棉花纤维长度整个时期形成的影响占主导地位。因此，可通过对其性状的选择实现对纤维长度的间接选择。.2构建了近等基因系277份，挑选出8份纤维长度大于系9的优良株系。筛选了一个共显性SSRB3888标记和显性SRAP（8-10）标记,对该主效 QTL 位点进行辅助选择，效应较为显著。