汉克苣苔属（苦苣苔科）系统学研究

After incorporating the species from Henckelia sect. Henckelia, Chirita sect. Chirita and Hemiboeopsis, the newly circumscribed Henckelia has become a genus with great variation of morphological characters in Gesneriaceae. Approximately 60 species are now recognized in this genus, with about two thirds of them occurring at Himalayan-Hengduan Mountain and its adjacent areas, which is one of the global biodiversity hotspots. Previous taxonomical studies on some species were carried out under either the concept of original Henckelia, Chirita or Hemiboeopsis, while systematic of this genus has never been made. Our preliminary studies found a lot of taxonomical problems in this genus, including the uncertain generic placements of some species, confusions identification of some close related species and misidentification of specimens. In this research proposal, I will conduct a systematic study of the genus Henckelia by integrating analyses of literature studies, examination of specimens, field investigations, palynology and molecular phylogeny. The aims of this project are to evaluate the variation pattern and taxonomic applicability of major morphological characters and to resolve taxonomic problems of Henckelia.

新界定的汉克苣苔属在融合了原汉克苣苔属汉克苣苔组、唇柱苣苔属麻叶唇柱苣苔组及密序苣苔属的物种后成为了苦苣苔科中一个形态变异十分复杂的类群。目前，该属约有60种，其中约2/3的物种分布在喜马拉雅-横断山及其毗邻区域。由于先前的分类研究都是基于原汉克苣苔属、唇柱苣苔属或密序苣苔属概念下进行的，缺乏在现今范围内系统性的研究，且已有的分子系统学研究存在不足，导致对该属的形态变异式样及其演化无从理解。申请人前期研究发现，该属还存在物种归属存疑、物种划分混乱及标本鉴定错误等分类学问题。本项目拟综合文献考证、标本查阅、野外调查、孢粉学及分子系统学研究等手段，对汉克苣苔属主要性状进行系统学研究和分析，阐明重要性状的变异式样，并确定其分类学价值，以澄清该属存在的基本分类问题，并建立一个有高度预见性的属下分类系统。

广义的汉克苣苔属在融合原汉克苣苔属汉克苣苔组、唇柱苣苔属麻叶唇柱苣苔组及密序苣苔属的物种后成为了苦苣苔科一个中等大小且形态变异十分复杂的类群。但是，该属中存在不少的基本分类学问题，且对其进化历史知之甚少。本项目综合野外考察、标本查阅及文献考证，总结了中国汉克苣苔属物种的形态变异式样，并结合细胞学及分子系统学证据，发表了4个新种及解决了喜荫唇柱苣苔、紫花短筒苣苔及宝莲横蒴苣苔的分类身份问题。另外，为进一步深入研究汉克苣苔属的系统发育关系及进化历史，本项目组装了斑叶汉克苣苔染色体级别的基因组，并对27个汉克苣苔属物种及7个外类群共97个个体开展了全基因组重测序，及对27个汉克苣苔属45个群体开展了细胞学研究。经全面综合分析，本项目并揭示杂交及多倍化在汉克苣苔属的进化历史中普遍存在。本项目的研究结果为汉克苣苔属的全面修订奠定了基础，并促进了对该属的进化历史的深入理解。