北斗系统自主定轨星座旋转的约束方法研究

The Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) is planning to realize Autonomous Orbit Determination (AOD), which could help greatly reduce the dependence of the system on the ground and improve the autonomy and survivability of the system. One of the key and difficulty problems is how to effectively suppress the constellation rotation of AOD. This project will focus on the key issue of the constellation rotation of AOD of BDS heterogeneous constellation of GEO/IGSO/MEO, and the main research contents include: (1) to propose an analytical method for on-board prediction of trajectories of BDS satellites, improving the precision of the reference trajectories and reducing the constellation rotation errors inherent in it; (2) to estimate and analyze the constellation rotation of AOD of BDS heterogeneous constellation and propose a constraint algorithm of constellation rotation of BDS AOD; (3) to improve the constraint/calibration algorithms of constellation rotation of Distributed AOD based on Anchors/ground stations. This project aims at resolving the key problem of constellation rotation of BDS AOD, realizing high accuracy real-time AOD of BDS, as well as improving its theory and algorithm. Related results are expected to accelerate the construction of BDS and improve its operation and service capability.

我国北斗卫星导航系统将通过自主定轨技术大大降低星座对地面的依赖，增强系统的自主性能和生存能力，而其中急需突破的关键和难点问题是如何有效抑制星座旋转。本项目将针对北斗GEO/IGSO/MEO异构星座自主定轨中的星座旋转这个关键问题展开研究，主要研究内容包括：（1）提出适用于星上计算的北斗卫星参考轨道解析预报方法，提高参考轨道的精度，以有效减小其中固有的星座旋转误差；（2）对北斗异构星座自主定轨的星座旋转分量进行估计与分析，并提出一种适用于北斗自主定轨的星座旋转约束算法；（3）对基于锚固站/地面站的分布式自主定轨星座旋转约束/校正算法进行改进。通过以上的研究，以期解决北斗卫星自主定轨中星座旋转的关键问题，实现高精度实时自主定轨的目标，并完善自主定轨的理论和算法。相关成果将对加快我国北斗全球星座的建设、提升系统运行和服务能力有重要的现实意义和应用价值。