填料塔内新型复配胺体系吸收CO2过程化学反应耦合传质性能的研究

Chemical absorption process is generally considered as the most effective technology for CO2 capture in flue gas from coal-fired power plant. However, the big challenge for a single aqueous amine solution is that the high absorption rate and low regeneration energy consumption cannot coexist. In order to quest for a new absorbent offering a high absorption rate combined with low regeneration energy requirement, novel blended alkanolamines coupled highly efficiency packing column to enhance the process of gas-liquid mass transfer is studied in this project. The novel and effective blended amine solution for removing CO2 will be developed by investigating the influence of the type of tertiary amine, dosage and type of additives on the absorption and regeneration performance. Also, the effects of geometric and physical property of the packing on effective interfacial area in packing column are investigated, as well as the flow condition and distribution of the novel blended amines and gas flow in the packed column. Furthermore, the mechanism for enhancing the mass transfer performance will be obtained by novel absorbents coupled effective packing, and then the universal model for prediction of mass transfer and effective interfacial area of the packing will be built, respectively. The study results above will provide fundamental research data and theoretical support for research and development of efficient solvents and absorption technique for CO2 capture.

化学吸收法是目前最适合捕集回收燃煤电厂烟道气中二氧化碳的捕获技术。然而，单一有机胺溶液分离二氧化碳存在吸收速率快与再生能耗低不能共存的科学问题。为实现胺溶剂高效且低能耗捕集回收二氧化碳，本项目拟开展新型复配胺捕获剂与高效填料耦合作用提高填料塔内吸收二氧化碳传质性能的研究。通过探究叔胺本体类型、促进剂种类和用量调控捕获剂吸收和解吸性能的变化规律，创新性地开发出新型高效复配胺-二氧化碳捕获溶剂体系；同时，研究填料几何特性和物系特性对气液接触有效相界面积影响规律的关键科学问题，并探究新型复配胺溶液与气体两相在填料塔反应器中的流动状况和分布规律，研究填料耦合溶剂吸收二氧化碳化学反应过程的传质强化机理，建立有效相界面积与吸收传质模型。相关理论模型与技术，可为燃煤电厂烟道气中二氧化碳分离回收过程新型捕获溶剂体系与分离装置的开发提供理论基础与指导。

为实现胺溶剂高效且低能耗捕集回收二氧化碳，本项目进行了新型复配胺捕获剂与高效填料耦合作用提高填料塔内吸收二氧化碳传质性能的研究。探究解吸添加剂类型、吸收促进剂种类等调控捕获剂吸收和解吸性能的变化规律，探究了吸收剂化学结构与吸收解吸性能间的构效关系，创新性地开发出了DEEA/PZ和1DMA2P/MEA新型高效复配胺-二氧化碳捕获溶剂；同时，研究测定了不同操作添加对气液接触有效相界面积影响规律，建立了基于各种准数的预测数学模型；并探究新型复配胺溶液与气体两相在填料塔反应器中的流动状况和分布规律（如压降、持液量和停滞空隙率，详见成果论文）；在DX高效填料1DMA2P/MEA研究了吸收二氧化碳的传质性能，建立了普适性的吸收传质模型。研究结果将为复配混合胺溶液吸收的CO2进一步研究提供理论和实验基础。此外，本项目发表AIChE J, Chem Eng Sci, Chem Eng J等高水平论文35篇，申请中国发明专利2件。培养博士研究生3人，硕士研究生5人，其中1名博士和3名硕士研究生毕业。