根系分泌物对氧化铈纳米颗粒根际过程的调控及生物响应机制

With the rapid development of nanotechnology, engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) application in agriculture has received widespread attentions. A growing amount of research indicated that ENPs are beneficial for the increase of crop yield, the improvement of the nutritional quality and the resistance. However, the mechanism is still unclear. In this project, cerium oxide ENPs are proposed to be studied, the optimum size and application amount of cerium oxide ENPs steadily and efficiently promoting the yield, nutritional quality and resistance of maize (Zea mays L.) will be defined. By using in situ collection system of rhizosphere solution combining with synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES), high resolution liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and other advanced technology, the rhizosphere mechanism of root exudates regulating the transfer, transformation and other key environmental geochemical behaviors of cerium oxide ENPs will be explored. Eventually, the biological response mechanism (nutritional quality, signal transduction and anabolic synthesis) of cerium oxide ENPs in maize will be revealed. The results of this project will provide theoretical basis and technical support to establish safer and more efficient nano-agricultural technology.

随着纳米技术的飞速发展，人工纳米颗粒（ENPs）在农业中的应用正受到越来越多的关注。研究表明，ENPs能够调节作物生长、产量、品质及其抗性，但其内在机制还不清楚。本项目以氧化铈ENPs为研究对象，确定提高玉米（Zea mays L.）产量、营养品质和抗性的最适粒径和施用量；利用根际溶液原位抽提系统，结合同步辐射X射线荧光（XRF）、X射线吸收近边结构（XANES）、高分辨液相色谱质谱联用仪（LC-MS/MS）、毛细管电泳仪、氧化-还原微电极等现代技术手段，探究根系分泌物对氧化铈ENPs溶解、迁移、氧化-还原性转化等关键环境地球化学行为的调控机制，揭示根系分泌物介导下，氧化铈ENPs对玉米养分吸收、信号转导和代谢合成影响的分子机制。为建立高效、安全的纳米农业技术提供重要的理论依据和技术支持。

近年来，人工纳米材料（NMs）的环境地球化学行为及其生物响应机制研究已成为国际上的研究热点。其中，NMs的根际过程是其关键的环境地球化学过程。然而，根际过程中根系分泌物这一重要物质对NMs环境行为的影响机制尚不清楚。本项目通过构建NMs提高作物产量、营养品质和抗性的最适培养体系，利用微宇宙、根际溶液原位抽提等系统，探明了NMs作用下，根系分泌物浓度、组分的变化规律；阐明了根系分泌物等根际过程的介导下，NMs通过诱导作物信号转导进而影响作物关键代谢过程的调控机制。为建立高效、可持续性的纳米农业技术、保障食品和生态环境安全提供了重要的理论依据。