膨瑚菌科系统发育框架构建及生物地理学研究

Possessing large morphological variations and different trophic patterns and occupying different ecological areas, mushrooms of the family Physalacriaceae are widely distributed. The family is of great ecological and economic importance. Due to its complicated evolution history, the phylogenetic relationships among genera within this family remain unclear. Studies on the biogeography of this fungal family is lacking so far. Based on sequences generated by next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 100 single-copy orthologous genes and formal gene marks, encompassing about 80 species from 21 genera, the aims of this project are: (1) To clarify the phylogenetic relationships of the genera, subgenera and/or sections，based on the phylogenetic reconstruction using RAxML analysis and Bayesian inference (BI). (2) To explore the origin and evolution pattern of this family byestimating divergence time using molecular clock analyses and ancestral area reconstruction using Bayesian Binary MCMC Analysis (BBM). This project will reveal the phylogenetic relationship among genera, subgenera and sections within Physalacriaceae, and will contribute to the knowledge of the origin and evolution of this family. Besides its scientific values, this project will also promote the cultivation of fungi in this family, and contribute to the knowledge of the forestry diseases control.

膨瑚菌科真菌形态各异、营养方式复杂、生态类型多样、分布广泛，且具有重要的经济价值和生态意义。该科真菌演化历史复杂，科下属间亲缘关系尚不明晰，生物地理学研究缺乏。本项目拟选取膨瑚菌科21属80个代表物种作为研究对象，基于基因组筛选约100个直系同源基因合并常用片段作为分子标记，采用二代测序方法，构建该科系统发育框架。采用最大似然法（RAxML）和贝叶斯推导（BI）构建系统发育树，解析各类群的分子系统发育亲缘关系。基于分化时间估算和祖先分布区重建，结合现今分布格局和地质历史事件，推断该科的起源和演化模式。本项目对于明晰膨瑚菌科各属、属下各亚属或组间的系统发育亲缘关系，阐释膨瑚菌科物种起源、演化和扩散具有重要的科学意义。同时对加强该科真菌的驯化利用及森林病害的防治具有重要的实践价值。