面向节能的高速列车运行计划与停站方案一体优化研究

In recent years, the rapid development of high-speed rail has effectively improved the contradiction between residents' long-distance transportation demands and transportation supply. However, as the large scale and high speed in high-speed operation system, the energy consumption of high-speed trains cannot be avoided. For the problem of high energy consumption and low operating efficiency in high-speed railways, this project will use the multi-disciplinary theories and methods, which include system science, management, operations research, computer science and control science, to investigate the possibility to better incorporate energy-efficient train operations and stop-pattern into railway timetables. Firstly, we will propose a segment-level train trajectory optimization approach on the basis of analyzing the factors of influencing on train operation energy consumption. With consideration of the influence of the train stop-pattern on the energy consumption and train operation efficiency, an integrated optimization model of energy-saving, stop plan and train timetabling will be established, followed by a Lagrange-based algorithm. At last, some numerical examples will be executed to demonstrate the practicability and intrinsic characteristics of the proposed model. By analyzing the main factors that affecting the energy consumption and train operation efficiency, we can explore the energy-saving train operation organization management method, and provide scientific method for realizing energy saving and emission reduction of railway transportation in China, as well as promote the development of the basic theory of railway operation management in China.

近年来，高铁的快速发展有效地改善了居民中长途出行需求与运输供给矛盾问题。但随着高铁规模的持续扩大、列车运行速度的不断提高，高铁能耗问题不容回避。针对高速铁路牵引能耗大、运行效率低的问题，本项目将综合运用系统科学、管理运筹学、计算机科学和控制科学等多学科的理论和方法，深入调查分析列车牵引能耗影响因素；充分考虑列车停站方案对列车牵引能耗和效率的影响，建立节能的列车运行计划与停站方案一体优化模型，并设计基于Lagrange的算法求解模型，通过数值算例分析模型的有效性和内在特性，采用实例数据揭示模型的实用性，分析影响列车牵引能耗和列车运行效率的主要因素，探寻节能的列车运行组织管理方法，为实现我国铁路运输的节能减排提供科学依据，促进我国铁路运营管理基础理论的发展。

随着我国铁路运营里程不断增加，能源与环境问题日益突出，给铁路运营部门带来巨大压力。新形势下，通过制定高效合理的列车运行计划，提高列车运行效率，降低列车运行能耗成为铁路系统可持续发展的关键。.本项目首先深入分析了列车区间牵引能耗与列车运行速度、运行时间和牵引特性的关系，提出基于区间的列车节能运行轨迹优化方法；同时提出区间线路相邻两车最小安全追踪间隔动态计算方法以便于检测与消除列车间冲突。然后，基于能耗与效率两个相悖目标，构建能耗与时间均衡的高速列车运行一体优化模型，并基于网络流平衡理论将问题重构为0-1整数规划模型，将宏观运行图和微观列车运行控制有机结合进行统一优化。最后基于前文所述的区间列车运行轨迹优化方法及最小安全追踪间隔动态计算方法，设计了一种高效的迭代求解算法。.进一步的，本项目研究了列车停站方案对列车运行能耗的影响，首先分析了停站方案与能耗的关系；基于乘客OD出行需求，构建了考虑节能和高效的列车停站方案和运行图一体优化模型；并以所选列车最小广义费用为目标，将模型重构为0-1整数规划模型；通过设计列生成算法对模型进行求解，获取广义费用最小的列车运行计划。同时，针对列车灵活停站模式造成的乘客出行公平性问题，本项目提出了基于乘客出行时间的公平性量化方法，以最小化所有乘客出行效用差异性。然后构建考虑公平、效率与成本的列车灵活停站与运行图一体优化模型，并设计自适应大邻域搜索算法对模型进行求解。.本项目利用京沪高铁、上海金山铁路等多组实际案例对模型进行了验证，基于研究结果探讨了高效、节能的停站方案与运行图一体优化方法的有效性，丰富了列车运行组织管理理论，为实现我国铁路运输的节能减排提供了科学依据。.在本项目的资助下，发表学术论文7篇，其中包括SCI论文6篇（包括交通领域高水平期刊《Transportation Research Part C》、《Computers & Industrial Engineering Journal》、《Physica A：Statistical Mechanics and its Applications》），EI期刊论文1篇；申请专利1项；参加国内外会议3项。