GNSS多系统紧组合相对定位模型与关键技术

How to make full use of GNSS multi-system and multi-frequency signals to further enhance the accuracy, availability and reliability of navigation and positioning, truly achieve the compatibility, interoperability, and interchangeability of GNSS, has become a hot topic in the research areas of GNSS navigation and positioning in recent years.This project focuses on the research on unified model and key technologies of tightly combined multi-GNSS relative positioning. Firstly, according to the variation characteristics of the differential inter-system bias (DISB), a robust and reliable approach will be built to carry out modeling and precise estimation of DISBs. Secondly, a rigorous theoretical analysis of characteristics of the ambiguities from the tightly combined model is carried out.Then, the number of blocks for BLLL (block LLL) is reasonably determined according to the properties of the ambiguity variance-covariance (VC) matrix.Finally, based on the above studies, a model of combined multi-GNSS relative positioning, which is compatible with both loosely combined and tightly combined mode and meanwhile can be used to deal with observation data with both overlapping frequency and non-overlapping frequencies, will be constructed.This research is in line with the development trend of GNSS towards multi-system and multi-frequency. And this research can enrich the theory and methods of satellite navigation and positioning,promote China's real-time precision positioning technology development, and have important academic value and broad application prospects.This project will be carried out under mature conditions and expected to achieve innovative achievements, can lay the technical foundation to enhance the interoperability and compatibility level between China's BDS and other GNSS systems at high-precision relative positioning.

如何充分利用GNSS多系统多频率资源进一步提升导航定位的精度、可用性和可靠性，真正实现GNSS系统间的兼容、互操作以及可互换，已成为近年来GNSS导航定位领域的热点研究课题。本项目旨在研究GNSS多系统紧组合相对定位的模型和关键技术。拟解决非重叠频率间DISB的建模及快速准确估计、紧组合模型对模糊度解算贡献的理论证明、高维模糊度分块规约中分块数的最优确定等关键技术，构建一种可兼容松组合与紧组合模式、混合处理重叠频率与非重叠频率数据的GNSS多系统组合相对定位模型，实现GNSS多系统数据的最优融合和灵活处理。项目研究符合当前GNSS朝多频多系统方向发展的趋势，对丰富卫星导航定位的理论和方法，推动我国实时精密定位技术的发展，具有重要的学术价值和广阔的应用前景。本项目研究条件基本成熟，有望取得创新性的研究成果，为提升北斗系统与其它卫星导航系统在高精度相对定位层面的互操作水平奠定技术基础。

本课题深入研究了GNSS多系统紧组合相对定位理论与方法，构建了可兼容松组合与紧组合模式、混合处理重叠频率与非重叠频率数据的GNSS多系统组合相对定位模型，全面评估了差分系统间偏差（DISB）的时变特征以及影响因素，重点解决了DISB的建模及快速准确估计、紧组合模型对模糊度解算贡献的理论证明、高维模糊度快速解算等关键技术，最终研制了一套兼容北斗三号的GNSS多系统紧组合相对定位软件，并评估了GNSS多系统紧组合相对定位技术在收敛时间、模糊度固定率、定位精度等方面的实际应用效果，验证了GNSS多系统紧组合相对定位模型、算法和关键技术解决方法的正确性、合理性。研究成果为发展丰富GNSS相对定位的理论方法，提升我国北斗系统与其他卫星导航系统在高精度相对定位层面的互操作处理水平奠定了基础，具有重要的研究价值和广阔的应用前景。.以本课题研究成果为基础，课题组团队发表学术论文12篇（其中SCI检索7篇），申请发明专利2项，软件著作权1项，培养相关方向研究生5名，满足任务书中的指标要求。