纤维基晶体管生物传感器的设计及结构性能研究

With the previous studies on electrically conductive modifications of fiber materials, fabrication of surface structured fiber membranes, as well as the organic thin film transistors, A conductive fiber bundle based organic thin film transistor which can quickly and steadily amplify biological sensor signal with low voltage and be weaved is designed and made. The ways to improve the performance of transistor, as well as the modeling are explored. A novel technique of preparing biosensors is developed. According to covalent coupling method, core-shell structure graphene wrap conducting polymer nanotube hybrid film, which was utilized to immobilize biological recognition element. The complicated process which detected by biological element catalyze was built on fiber-embedded transistors. The technical problem of high activity and stability after immobilized biological element is solved. Increase the sensor sensitivity and response time. The effect of biological recognition element and fiber membrane interaction mechanism, fiber membrane physical and chemical structure on the performance of biological recognition element is investigated. The quantitative relationship of synthetic parameter、surface morphology、the effect of immobilized biological element、fiber-based transistor biosensors properties was constructed. Flexible and quickly detected biosensors based on fiber-embedded transistors are designed and built. The operation mechanism of sensors based on fiber embedded transistors is proposed. The outputs of the project open up a new and creative way to wearable and flexible electronic devices.

以前期对纤维材料的导电化改性、表面结构化纤维膜的制备、有机薄膜晶体管研究为基础，设计能够编织、并在低电压下快速、稳定地将生物传感信号放大的束状纤维基有机薄膜晶体管；探索提高晶体管性能的理论模型和技术途径；发展一种新型生物传感器制备技术。将核-壳结构的石墨烯包裹导电高分子纳米管杂化材料通过共价偶联法用于固定生物活性分子，并在其催化下进行检测的复杂过程构建到纤维基晶体管上。解决活性分子固定后仍保持较高的活性和稳定性的技术难题，提高传感器的灵敏度和响应时间；揭示固定的活性分子与纤维膜表面的相互作用机理及纤维膜的物理、化学结构对生物分子活性的影响规律；建立合成参数-表面形貌-活性分子固定效果-纤维基晶体管生物传感器性能之间的定量关系。设计、构筑具有柔顺性和快速检测功能的纤维基晶体管生物传感器，阐明纤维基晶体管传感器的工作原理，为可穿戴式柔性智能电子器件开辟出新的路线。

本项目按照原定计划开展，已经完成了预期目标并形成了相应的研究成果。通过对不同纤维材料的表面处理和修饰，活性层材料的制备和结构调控，组装成束状纤维基有机薄膜晶体管；研究纤维材料的结构和晶体管性能之间的关系，通过理论分析和实验研究，实现了可编织，并在低电压下快速、稳定地将生物传感信号放大的束状纤维基有机薄膜晶体管的构筑；同时发展了一种新型生物传感器制备技术。通过调节纤维基体，碳基材料，导电高分子的种类，氧化剂和掺杂剂的浓度，反应温度和时间等，实现了纤维材料上均匀分布且导电率可调的活性层结构的调控，利用石墨烯和导电高分子的杂化结构在纤维基表面成功构筑了具有不同结构的导电纳米纤维网络，并通过全氟磺酸，壳聚糖等固定生物活性分子，深入研究了生物活性分子与纤维膜表面的相互作用机理，揭示了纤维膜的物理，化学结构对生物活性分子葡萄糖的影响规律。为了提高器件的灵敏度和响应时间，将纤维基表面使用不同浓度的碳基材料，原位聚合导电高分子组装成晶体管传感器，并将其与单一导电高分子晶体管性能进行了对比，测试其对乳酸检测的灵敏性。结果表明，固定化后的复合材料具有更好的传感性能，而且其稳定性和放大效果更好。此外，利用纳米纤维比表面积大和更多的活性位点，我们将纤维表面修饰的纳米纤维导电化处理成功应用于多巴胺的传感，也表现出来了较好的灵敏度和稳定性。最后，我们利用制备的纤维基晶体管传感器，实现了对实际样品分析，研究了影响检测的各种干扰物质以及传感器的工作原理。同时设计和构筑了可以进行大面积编织纤维基晶体管传感器，为可穿戴式器件提供了基础。