多倍体牡蛎快速生长机理的研究

The mechanism of fast growing in polyploid oysters was discussed by systemic comparisons between triploids and diploids on the levels of cell biology, physiology, ecology and molecular biology. Anslysis of cell genetics showed that polyploid manipulation resulted in not only of polyploids, but also different kinds of aneuploids. But the exist of aneuploids didn't affact the growth superiority of the induced group. Results of electrophoresis showed that polyploid induction increased the heterozygosity of induced group. There is a certain positive correlation between growth and heterozygosity. Triploids grew much faster that diploids. Triploids are highly sterile. They grew evenly and continuously with a stable conditioning index in the reproductive season. But the fact that diploids grew quickly and exceeded the triploids in tissues weight suggest that sterility was not the main causation of fast growing in triploids. Histologicalobservation revealed a phenomenon of gigantism of somatic cells in triploids. The heterozygosity of triploids by crossing diploids with tetraploids is significantly higher that that of triploids induced by inhibiting PB2. But no significance was found in growth between them suggested that the increase of heterozygosity was not the main reason for the fast growth in triploids. The polyploid gigantism may play an dominant role in the fast growth in triploids.

通过二倍体与三倍体牡蛎在繁殖力、细胞数目与细胞大小、耗氧率和排氨率、杂合度及生长等方面的比较，研究多倍体牡蛎的巨态性与不育性、呼吸与排泄及其遗传特性与生长间的关系，从细胞生物学、生理生态及分子生物学的水平上探索多倍体牡蛎快速生长的机理。丰富牡蛎多倍体育种理论，为推进我国贝类多倍体育种的产业化进程提供充分的理论依据。