面向FAST射电望远镜数据预处理和压缩传输研究

To solve the bottlenecks arising from the movement of the massive radio observation data of the Five hundred meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST), a path-finder project of the Square Kilometre Array radio telescope (SKA), we propose to study the noise characteristics of the multi-beam radio survey data and the spatial correlation characteristics of the multi-beam data to form the preprocessing based compression methods for the multi-beam radio survey data of FAST. These proposed methods will be based on the codesign methodology aquired in the process of our previous research regarding SKA prototyping design and the preprocessing and compression schemes in the domain of big data analytics. At the same time, we propose to study the preprocessing based compression methods and customized transmission mechanism for multi-beam radio search data, in order to compose a highly efficient customized transmission protocol that supports the movement of the radio observation data in 19 beams of the FAST telescope from the antenna to the computing cluster. We further propose to optimize the implementation of multi-beam data preprocessing and compression through the co-design of hardware and software. By verifying our implementation at the site of FAST telescope, we expect to make a breakthrough at the bottleneck of FAST massive radio observation data movement, and promote the progress to enhance FAST telescope from single beam debugging mode to multi -beam observation operational mode as an important step to speed up the process of China's major astronomical discoveries.

针对平方公里阵列射电望远镜（SKA）的先导项目- 500米口径球面射电望远镜（FAST）的海量射电观测数据移动的瓶颈，结合我们前期参与国际SKA原型设计研究取得的协同设计方法和在大数据领域积累的预处理与传输研究成果，提出研究FAST多波束射电搜寻数据的噪声特征和多波束数据的空间相关特征，形成面向多波束射电搜寻数据的预处理压缩方法；同时研究面向FAST多波束射电搜寻数据的压缩传输机制，形成支撑FAST望远镜19个波束的射电观测数据从天线到计算集群的高效自定义传输协议；进一步通过软硬件协同设计优化实现多波束数据预处理压缩和自定义传输方法，并通过在FAST台址的现场验证实现，尝试突破FAST海量射电观测数据移动的瓶颈，推进FAST望远镜从单波束调试模式向多波束观测模式转化，加快我国取得重大天文科学发现的进展。

针对平方公里阵列射电望远镜（SKA）的先导项目- 500米口径球面射电望远镜（FAST）的海量射电观测数据移动的瓶颈，结合我们前期参与国际SKA原型设计研究取得的协同设计方法和在大数据领域积累的预处理与传输研究成果，提出研究FAST多波束射电搜寻数据的噪声特征和多波束数据的空间相关特征，形成面向多波束射电搜寻数据的预处理压缩方法；同时研究面向FAST多波束射电搜寻数据的压缩传输机制，形成支撑FAST望远镜19个波束的射电观测数据从天线到计算集群的高效自定义传输协议；进一步通过软硬件协同设计优化实现多波束数据预处理压缩和自定义传输方法，并通过远程接入FAST现场进行验证，尝试突破FAST海量射电观测数据移动的瓶颈，推进FAST望远镜从单波束调试模式向多波束观测模式转化，加快我国取得重大天文科学发现的进展。..在执行过程中，中科院上海高等研究院与国家天文台密切配合，全面完成了论文、人才和技术指标。