瓷土尾矿微晶玻璃体系熔融结晶的影响因素及其作用机理基础研究

Influence factors and mechanism of melting and crystallization in glass-ceramics system of porcelain clay tailings are researched in this project, according to the problems of glass-ceramics manufacture by utilizing porcelain clay tailings as main raw materials. Influence and mechanism of different kinds of mineral crystals on melting and crystallization in glass-ceramics system of porcelain clay tailings are compared and investigated. The mechanisms about the decrease of melting crystallization temperatures and improvement of melting crystallization properties of glass-ceramics ingredients are investigated by mixing trace components of tungsten and rare earth elements from waste materials. Influence mechanism of tungsten on the structure of melt silicate in glass-ceramics system of porcelain clay tailings are researched. The change rules of nucleation and crystallization of glass-ceramics system with different components and ingredients proportion are analyzed and summarized. The adaptability between different crystalline phases and the influence of structure and performance in the glass-ceramics molten crystallization process are investigated. This project research can promote the reasonable and effective utilization of porcelain clay tailings and the energy saving and emission reduction during the actual production, treat waste with waste. That is not only beneficial to the environment protection, but also to the sustainable development of ceramic industry, and has the important scientific value.

本项目结合利用瓷土尾矿等废弃物制备微晶玻璃过程中出现的问题，针对瓷土尾矿微晶玻璃体系熔融结晶的影响因素及其作用机理开展研究工作。研究瓷土尾矿中不同种类的矿物晶体对微晶玻璃体系熔融结晶的影响及其作用机理；研究通过添加适量的含钨废泥引入钨、稀土元素等微量组分，降低配料体系熔融结晶温度、改善熔融结晶性能的作用机理，研究钨等微量组分对瓷土尾矿微晶玻璃体系硅酸盐熔体结构的影响机理；研究不同组分、不同配料比例对瓷土尾矿微晶玻璃体系核化晶化、析晶趋势的影响，总结其变化规律；研究微晶玻璃熔融结晶过程中不同晶相之间的匹配性及其对结构性能的影响，研究不同晶相复合共存的机理。本项目的研究能够促进实际生产应用中瓷土尾矿等废弃物合理有效的资源化利用和节能减排，实现以废治废，既有利于保护环境，又有利于陶瓷工业的健康可持续发展，具有重要的科学理论价值。

本项目结合利用瓷土尾矿等废弃物制备微晶玻璃过程中出现的问题，针对瓷土尾矿微晶玻璃体系熔融结晶的影响因素及其作用机理开展研究工作。研究瓷土尾矿中不同种类的矿物晶体对微晶玻璃体系熔融结晶的影响及其作用机理，优化基础配方体系；研究通过添加适量的含钨废泥引入钨元素等微量组分，降低配料体系熔融结晶温度、改善熔融结晶性能的作用机理，研究钨等微量组分对瓷土尾矿微晶玻璃体系硅酸盐熔体结构的影响机理；研究不同组分、不同配料比例对瓷土尾矿微晶玻璃体系核化晶化、析晶趋势的影响，总结其变化规律；研究不同废瓷掺入对微晶玻璃熔融结晶的影响，研究不同晶相之间的匹配性及其对结构性能的影响。适量含钨废料的掺入能够有效改善微晶玻璃配料体系的高温熔融结晶性能，降低熔制温度，减少能耗；但掺量不宜太高，含钨废料的掺量范围以0.5～2.0％为宜。在实验配料体系中，确定基础玻璃的热处理制度为：核化温度920～980 ℃；晶化温度1130～1190 ℃。掺加1％含钨废料能够降低基础玻璃颗粒的软化温度约20 ℃，降低核化温度约15 ℃。适量含钨废料的掺入能够促进微晶玻璃矿物晶体的核化和晶化，有利于改善制品性能。本项目的研究能够促进实际生产应用中瓷土尾矿等废弃物合理有效的资源化利用和节能减排，实现以废治废，既有利于保护环境，又有利于陶瓷工业的健康可持续发展，具有重要的科学理论价值。