振动冲击下大型摩擦提升机三体滑动摩擦耦合行为

The research on the three-body sliding friction coupling behavior of large-scale friction hoist is carried out with the wire rope-friction increasing grease-friction lining friction pair as the studying object. Starting from the analysis of the helical-distribution multi-point contact characteristic of the wire rope and friction lining and the rheological properties of the friction-increasing grease, the thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication under vibration impact of the friction-increasing grease is modelled and solved by multi-grid methods. Mechanism of the heat flux distribution between the grease and friction lining is investigated. Integrating theories of heat conduction, thermoelasticity and fluid mechanics, a thermo-fluid-solid coupling model is built. Then high-speed friction tests are conducted so as to validate and revise the model. Thermal-tribological properties of friction lining are experimentally investigated, the heat-impact damage fracture model is established and then the model of thermal visco-plastic damage under vibration impact. High-speed friction tests are carried out to explore the friction lining damage mechanism and law. Based on the above studies, the main evaluation indices of tribological properties of the friction system are proposed and a multi-criterion comprehensive evaluation model are built. The research conclusion is expected to provide theoretical basis and technical support for developing high-performance friction lining materials and predicting the service life of friction linings.

本项目以摩擦提升机的钢丝绳-增摩脂-衬垫滑动摩擦副为研究对象，开展振动冲击下大型摩擦提升机三体滑动摩擦耦合行为的研究。从分析钢丝绳与摩擦衬垫三维螺旋分布多点接触特性和增摩脂流变性能入手，构建振动冲击下增摩脂热弹流润滑模型，使用多重网格法进行数值求解；探究增摩脂与衬垫间热流密度分配机制，结合热传导、热弹性力学和流体力学理论构建热流固耦合模型，开展高速滑动摩擦试验验证理论模型；研究衬垫热摩擦学性能，建立热-冲击损伤断裂模型，构建振动冲击下衬垫热黏塑性损伤模型，开展高速摩擦试验探究热损伤机理及规律；在上述研究基础上，提出该摩擦系统的摩擦学性能主要评价指标，构建摩擦系统模糊多准则综合评价模型。研究结论有望为研制高性能衬垫材料和预测摩擦衬垫寿命提供理论基础和技术支撑。

随着我国煤矿向着深部化、大型化方向的发展，相比于缠绕式提升机，具有无容绳量要求这一突出优势的摩擦式提升机，已被广泛地应用于大型矿井提升系统。为了改变摩擦式提升机因连续运行时间长、承受冲击载荷而时常出现短时高速打滑的情况，本项目以摩擦提升机的钢丝绳-增摩脂-衬垫滑动摩擦副为研究对象，开展了振动冲击条件下大型摩擦提升机三体滑动摩擦耦合行为的研究。借助定剪切率模式下的增摩脂流变测试实验，考察了温度、剪切率、剪切时间对其表观粘度的影响，获得了润滑脂的流变和弹流润滑特性；借助理论建模及多重网格数值计算方法，研究了润滑条件下的滑动接触的随机粗糙表面间的膜厚、压力分布及承载能力，发现了润滑膜承载能力与表面粗糙度及滑速成正比，与膜厚的立方成反比。利用多重网格多重积分算法求解了钢丝绳-衬垫接触的弹性变形，并借助多重网格法获得了衬垫的热应力耦合场，结果显示接近接触表面的温升展现了随时间成锯齿状波动的情况，随深度增加，温度的波动减小；通过开展大量的振动条件下的高速滑动摩擦试验，获得了具有波动特征的摩擦系数数据，衬垫上测点温度数据以及衬垫绳槽表面稳态宏观形貌和微观形貌，分析数据发现衬垫表面发生了黏着磨损，高速重载条件下的衬垫热损伤严重，摩擦系数出现突变下降的现象。研究结果对指导研制高性能衬垫材料、预测摩擦衬垫寿命和提高摩擦式提升机运行可靠性都具有重要的意义。