双模腔电机械系统中的量子光学效应及质量传感器研究

Cavity electromechanical system is composed of a superconducting microwave cavity coupled to a nanomechanical resonator via radiation pressure force, which has important applications in investigating quantum mechanical effects of macroscopic objects, microwave quantum optics, high-precision measurement and quantum information processing. In our previous work, we have investigated theoretically quantum optical effects such as electromagnetically induced transparency combined with slow and fast light in this coupled system, which have been verified by the recent experimental work published in Nature Physics. In this project, using the pump-probe technique and solving the linearized quantum Langevin equation, we're going to investigate the quantum optical effects and applications in mass sensor based on the two-mode cavity electromechanical system which is consisted of two nanomechanical resonators coupled to a common microwave cavity. Specifically, by adjusting the power and frequency of the pump microwave field, we will study the following four aspects in this hybrid system: electromagnetically induced transparency as well as slow and light effect, bistable behavior of the intracavity photon number and four-wave mixing, electromagnetically induced absorption and microwave amplification, and mass sensing of tiny objects such as DNA molecules. This project aims at elucidating some novel quantum optical effects in two-mode cavity electromechanical systems and providing theoretical guide to related experiments and applications in mass sensor.

腔电机械系统由超导微波腔与纳米机械振子通过辐射压力耦合形成，在研究宏观物体的量子力学效应、微波量子光学、精密测量和量子信息处理上有重要的应用。在前期工作中，本课题组理论上研究了该系统中的电磁诱导透明及快慢光等量子光学效应并被Nature Physics上的实验工作证实。本项目拟以由两个纳米机械振子共同耦合于一个微波腔形成的双模腔电机械系统为研究对象，采用泵浦-探测技术，通过求解线性化量子郎之万方程的方法，对该系统中的量子光学效应及在质量传感器中的应用进行基础科学研究。具体内容包括：通过调节微波泵浦场的功率和频率研究该系统中的电磁诱导透明和快慢光效应、腔内光子数的双稳态行为和四波混频效应、电磁诱导吸收和微波信号放大以及基于该系统测量DNA分子等微小物质质量四个方面。本项目旨在揭示双模腔电机械系统中新颖的量子光学效应，并为相关实验及在质量传感器中的应用提供强有力的理论指导。

由电磁腔和机械振子通过辐射压力耦合形成的腔光（电）机械领域近年来取得了许多重要的进展。在国家自然科学基金的支持下，本项目旨在揭示双模腔电机械系统中新颖的量子光学效应并探讨该系统在超灵敏质量传感器中的应用。经过三年的努力，我们顺利取得了预期的研究成果，并进一步研究了另外两种光机械系统中的非线性效应和动力学过程。主要成果概况如下：1. 研究了双模腔电机械系统中的双色电机械诱导透明和微波信号调控。2. 研究了双模光机械系统和光学参量放大器辅助的双模电机械系统中可控的光学双稳行为，并进一步研究了双模光机械系统中共振增强的四波混频效应。3. 研究了混杂腔光-电机械系统和外力驱动下多模光机械系统中的电磁诱导吸收和信号放大现象。4. 研究了混杂腔光-电机械系统在超灵敏质量传感器中的应用。5. 此外，我们还进一步研究了腔内含有一个二能级原子的光机械系统以及二次耦合型光机械系统中的动力学过程和非线性效应。本项目实施过程中，项目负责人以第一作者身份共发表有标注的SCI期刊论文9篇，其中Phys. Rev. A两篇，Opt. Express，Sci. Rep.，Europhys. Lett.，JOSA B和Sci. China-Phys. Mech. & Astron.各一篇，Chin. Phys. B两篇。