长距离输水渠系基于冰情动态分渠段优化的耦合自动化控制模式研究

Centralized control is a trend of canal system automation operation. For the canal system with ice in winter: small velocity is usually adopted to ensure security of canal system, the effectiveness of water delivery is limited; ice evolution is complicated, there are not improved operation methods and controllers based on the characteristics of ice evolution in canal to improve canal system hydraulic responses, ice disaster may happen suddenly; canal system automation operation in winter is not flexible enough.The contents of this study project include: a automation control model of long distance canal system in winter based on ice spatial and temporal evolution simulation is established, prototype observation data of ice evolution are used to parameters calibration and model validation; spatial and temporal evolution characteristics and rules of canal system are analyzed; intercoupling characteristics among ice evolution, hydraulic responses and gate opening are studied; canal system operation methods and controllers for different ice conditions are obtained; canal system is divided into subsystems, each subsystem selects operation method and controller according to ice conditions; decoupling calculation method and controller parameters on-line optimization method of canal system with ice evolution are studied; finally, coupling automation control model of long distance canal system in winter is obtained to protect the canal system security, to improve flexibility and conveyance effective of canal system automation control.Innovations points: Ice prototype observation data are used to parameters calibration; canal system is divided into sub-systems to optimization control based on ice conditions and canal system decoupling.

目前，冬季有冰情的渠系长期采用小流速的冬季输水方式，限制了输水效益；冰情演变复杂，非恒定流滞后，冰、水、闸门耦合，尚无完全基于渠系冬季响应特性的控制模式，存在输水安全隐患；渠系冬季自动化控制响应不够灵活。本课题通过研究渠系的冰情特性和响应机理，提出基于冰情动态分段优化的耦合自动化控制模式，提高渠系在整个冬季运行的安全性、灵活性和输水效益。研究内容包括：冰情时空演变监测，冰情模拟参数率定和渠系冬季运行自动化控制模型验证；揭示渠系冰情时空演变规律，及其与水力响应、闸门操作间的耦合机理；研究适用于不同冰情阶段的自动化控制模式和控制器；将渠系按冰情划分控制子系统，子系统选择最优控制模式，研究动态子系统间的耦合特性和解耦算法，利用渠系控制器参数在线智能优化技术，建立长距离渠系基于冰情动态分渠段优化的耦合自动化控制模型。创新点：冰情监测数据；基于冰情演变特性与渠系耦合特性的按冰情动态分段优化控制。

本项目研究期限为2014年1月至2016年12月。项目按照项目计划书拟定的研究内容、目标和进度执行，主要开展了以下几方面的工作：冰情时空演变监测；冰情模拟参数率定和渠系冬季运行自动化控制模型验证；揭示渠系冰情时空演变与水力响应、闸门操作间的耦合机理；研究适用于不同冰情阶段的自动化控制模式和控制器；研究动态子系统间的耦合特性和解耦算法；建立长距离渠系基于冰情动态分渠段优化的耦合自动化控制模型。研究工作顺利实现了预期的研究目标，得到的主要研究成果有：（1）通过原型观测，掌握了长距离渠系冰情变化特性与时空分布规律；（2）针对冰情、水情耦合特性，提出了针对不同冰情阶段的渠系控制模式；（3）建立了长距离渠系基于冰情动态分渠段优化的耦合自动化控制模型。目前该项目发表学术论文4篇，其中SCI收录1篇、EI收录1篇；培养硕士研究生3名。