面向地层复杂微纳孔隙环境的油藏采样微纳马达运动机理研究

Micro/nanomotor is a kind of micro/nanoscale actuator, which bears the characteristics of small scale, high thrust weight ratio and self-motion. It can go deep into the complex micro/nano-pores underground and absorb the reservoir, address. the problem of reservoir sampling from underground micro/nano-pores environment. Micro/nanomotors will have wide prospects in the petroleum exploration and development. However, most research about micro/nanomotors is concentrated on the motion mechanism in the ordinary temperatures and pressures, simple structure and fluid environment. It is unable to provide theoretical supports for the applications of micro/nanomotors in the underground complex micro/nano-pores environment (high temperatures and pressures, complex micro/nano-pores and oil-water mixture fluid). Taking the reservoir-sampling micro/nanomotors as the main research object, we apply multidisciplinary theory, systematic experimental design and advanced observation methods to carry out the research about the motion mechanism of reservoir-sampling micro/nanomotors in the underground complex micro/nano-pores environment. Here we establish a mathematical motion model of reservoir-sampling micro/nanomotors, study its reaction kinetics mechanism at high pressures and temperatures condition and analyze the influence of complex micro/nano-pores structures on the motion trajectories of micro/nanomotors and the influence of oil-water mixture fluid on the viscous resistance. Also, we will expound the motion mechanism of reservoir-sampling micro/nanomotors in the complex micro/nano-pores environment underground. We expect it will provide theoretical and technical support for the application of micro/nanomotors in the petroleum exploration and development areas.

微纳马达是一种尺度小、推重比大、自主运动的微纳驱动器，其能深入地层复杂微纳孔隙内部吸附油藏资源，解决现有地层微纳孔隙油藏采样难题，在石油勘探与开发领域具有广泛的应用前景。然而，现有研究集中于常温常压、简单结构环境及单一流体下微纳马达运动基础理论研究，无法对面向地层复杂环境（高温高压、复杂网状微纳孔隙结构及油水混合流体）的微纳马达应用提供有效的理论支撑。本课题以面向地层微孔隙复杂环境的油藏采样微纳马达为主要研究对象，应用多学科理论、系统实验设计和先进测试手段，开展地层微孔隙复杂环境下微纳马达运动机理研究。建立油藏采样微纳马达运动模型，研究高温高压环境下微纳马达反应动力学机制，分析地层微孔隙结构复杂边界对微纳马达运动轨迹的约束作用及地层油水混合流体对微纳马达运动粘滞阻力的影响规律，阐明地层微孔隙复杂环境微纳马达运动机理，为将微纳马达应用于地层微孔隙油藏勘探与开发等领域提供理论基础与技术支撑。

微纳马达是一种能够将外界环境能量转化为自身运动动能的微纳机械，具有尺度小、推重比大、自主运动等优点，能够实现在微小空间内的精准操作，解决传统技术无法深入微纳尺度空间的难题。将微纳马达与采油工程相结合，通过微纳马达深入地层复杂微纳孔隙内部吸附地层孔隙油藏资源，实现微纳孔隙油藏的采样，可从根本上解决现有低渗透率地层微纳孔隙油藏采样难题，为石油勘探开发与采油开采带来变革性、颠覆性技术思路，促进微纳马达与石油工程的发展。然而，现有油藏采样微纳马达的研究较为基础，模型单一，理论深度不足，难以适应地层复杂网状微纳孔隙结构与地层油水混合流体环境等工作条件。因此，迫切需要开展地层微纳孔隙油藏环境下微纳马达的运动机理及运动影响机制相关基础理论研究，以满足在地层复杂环境下微纳马达的有效运动和油藏采样需求。为此，本项目开展了面向地层复杂微纳孔隙环境的油藏采样微纳马达运动机理研究，明确了地层复杂网状微孔隙结构环境特征，搭建了地层环境微纳马达运动模拟实验平台；设计并制备了油藏采样微纳马达，建立了地层微孔隙复杂环境微纳马达运动动力学模型；研究了环境及外物理场特征参数对油藏采样微纳马达运动行为的影响机制；提出了油藏采样微纳马达的运动控制策略，明确了微纳马达与地层结构边界的约束作用机制；提出了油藏采样微纳马达的增力提速方法，阐明了高粘流体环境下微纳马达的粘滞阻力特性，实现了微纳马达对油水两相界面的突破，对推动微纳马达技术工程实践应用提供了理论依据和技术支撑。研究成果在Small、ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces、Research等国际权威期刊上发表SCI论文7篇，EI论文1篇，授权国家发明专利3项，相关成果获黑龙江省自然科学一等奖；项目执行期间项目负责人担任中国微米纳米技术学会青年工作委员会委员，做邀请报告2次，产生了较为广泛的学术影响；培养硕士研究生4人。