季节性冻土区新型边坡支护结构静动力特性及试验研究

The geological conditions are complex and the seasons climate change significantly in the northwest cold areas. The slope and supporting structures have been freezing and thawing every year, which is often destroyed by natural freeze-thaw cycle effect.Many new engineering problems occur under project implementation and design.The earthquake is high frequency in these areas, which often induced landslides secondary disasters. At present, at home and abroad the static and dynamic analysis and design of slope anchorage structure are scarce under seasonal freeze-thaw cycle. Taking the disaster prevention and reduction of the seasonal frozen anchorage slope for the purpose, frozen soil slope supporting structure of frame with prestress anchor is analyzed and a new type slope control structure system is raised and carried out comprehensive analysis according to seasonal frozen soil anchorage slope frost heaving, thawing and earthquake damage mechanism. The research contents are: ①The static and dynamic analysis models for frozen soil slope supporting structure of frame with prestress anchor are establish and solutions are obtained.The stability evaluation methods are given; ②A new supporting structure is proposed which is composed by the framework prestressed anchor, ESP layer of heat insulation and minus bulge and shock absorption by energy consumption, frozen soil slope and prestress compensation system. Establish the static and dynamic analysis models for the new structure and solve them. The static and dynamic stability evaluation methods are given. ③Field and laboratory test.

西北寒冷地区地质条件复杂及四季气候温度差异明显，边坡及构筑物每年都处于冻融两种状态，往往受冻融循环作用而破坏，给边坡工程的安全带来灾害，同时给项目的实施及设计人员都带来了诸多新的工程问题。而且这些地区地震发生的频率比较高，经常诱发滑坡次生灾害。目前，国内外对季节性冻融作用下边坡锚固结构的静动力分析与设计还无人系统研究，因此，针对季节性冻土区锚固边坡冻胀、融沉和地震作用下的破坏机理，以季节性冻土区锚固边坡防灾减灾为目的，对框架预应力锚杆冻土边坡支护结构进行分析，提出一种新型边坡防治结构体系并进行分析，其研究内容为：①建立框架预应力锚杆冻土边坡锚固结构静动力分析模型并求解，给出稳定性评价方法；②提出框架预应力锚杆-ESP隔热保温及耗能减胀减震缓冲层-冻土边坡-预应力补偿系统一体化新型支护结构，建立静动力分析模型并进行求解，给出静动力稳定性评价方法；③现场及室内试验。

西北寒冷地区地质条件复杂及四季气候温度差异明显，边坡及构筑物每年都处于冻融两种状态，往往受冻融循环作用而破坏，给边坡工程的安全带来灾害，同时给项目的实施及设计人员都带来了诸多新的工程问题。而且这些地区地震发生的频率比较高，经常诱发滑坡次生灾害。目前，国内外对季节性冻融作用下边坡锚固结构的静动力分析与设计还无人系统研究，因此，针对季节性冻土区锚固边坡冻胀、融沉和地震作用下的破坏机理，以季节性冻土区锚固边坡防灾减灾为目的，对框架预应力锚杆冻土边坡支护结构进行了分析，研发了一种新型边坡防治结构体系并进行了分析，具体研究内容为：①建立了冻胀后框架预应力锚杆边坡锚固结构的力学模型，进行了解析求解；②建立了框架锚杆支护冻土边坡的水热力耦合计算模型，采用有限元法进行了求解，基于MATLAB平台开发了计算软件；③建立了冻融作用下锚固边坡稳定性分析模型；④建立了框架锚杆支护季节性冻土边坡地震动力模型，并进行了地震响应分析；⑤建立了框架锚杆支护季节性冻土边坡地震稳定性模型；⑥研发了一种季节性冻土区自调温回位耗能坡体支护结构；⑦建立了铺设保温板的冻土边坡多场耦合分析模型并进行了数值分析；⑧建立了框架锚杆-耗能减胀减震保温缓冲层-冻土边坡地震动力分析模型和稳定性评价模型，进行了地震响应分析和稳定性评价；⑨进行了现场试验，室内冻融和地震作用试验，测试了冻融效应和地震响应，采用试验结果验证和修正了提出的计算模型。建立的分析模型为新型柔性边坡锚固结构的分析与设计提供了理论指导和科学依据。其成果在寒区高速、高铁和机场边坡，一带一路等工程建设遇到的边坡中大量应用。从本质上解决了冻融、地震诱发的边坡失稳和滑坡问题，研发的新型支护结构将推动滑坡治理向轻型智能化方向发展，为灾害防治提供新理念和新思路。