电参数可调型高功率磁开关研究

Adjustable high power switch is of significance to the high power pulse generator. As an important candidate, the high power magnetic switch has the advantages of high average power, high repetitive rate capability, long lifetime and long pulse achievability, which meet the requirements of military and industrial application of the pulsed power technology; However, one of the main disadvantages for traditional magnetic switch is that each of them has the only unchangeable operating parameters, which largely limit appropriate applications. Therefore, according to the flux conservation law, two methods (mechanical control and reset control) are proposed in this project to achieve the adjustable parameters of the high power magnetic switch. The innovation points are as following: (1) characteristics of the amorphous magnetic material are studied under excitation of high magnetic field. Magnetization mechanism is semi-quantitative analyzed, theoretically; (2) the turn number of the magnetic switch is changed with mechanical method, thus, parameters of the magnetic switch can be modified, accordingly; a online, continuous, adjustable high power magnetic switch is achieved by controlling the depth of the reset of the magnetic material. The main aim of the project is to make an intensive investigation on the physics mechanism and problems of the adjustable magnetic switch. Based on the research, an adjustable high power magnetic switch can be achieved with peak voltage varying from 50kV to 100kV, peak current from 5kA to 10kA, and switch time ranging from 2us to 25us. The research is valuable to the development of the high power pulse generator and its applications.

开关是高功率脉冲驱动源的核心，实现其参数调节是该领域的重点研究内容。高功率磁开关具有输出功率高、使用寿命长、可靠性好等优点，是脉冲驱动源技术实现工业化应用的重要技术路线之一。然而，传统高功率磁开关由于环境适应性差、升级成本高等不足限制了其发展，亟待解决。本项目基于磁通守恒定律，在深入分析磁性材料磁化机制的基础上，提出了采用机械和复位控制两种方法实现高功率磁开关电参数的在线连续可调，主要特色为：1.研究强磁场激励下磁性材料磁滞特性，并对其磁化过程的物理机制进行分析；2.分别采用机械控制和复位控制两种方法实现高功率磁开关电参数的调节。项目旨在解决电参数可调型高功率磁开关研究中涉及的物理和技术问题，研制峰值电压(50-100kV)、峰值电流(5-10kA)及开关动作时间(2-25us)等参数在线连续可调的高功率磁开关，解决发展瓶颈。项目研究对高功率脉冲驱动源及其应用技术具有重要的理论和现实意义。

开关是高功率脉冲驱动源的核心，实现其电参数调节是该领域的重点研究内容之一。高功率磁开关具有输出功率高、使用寿命长、可靠性好等优点，是脉冲驱动源技术实现工业化应用的重要技术路线之一。然而，传统高功率磁开关由于环境适应性差、升级成本高等不足限制了其发展，亟待解决。本项目基于磁通守恒定律，分析了磁性材料磁化机制，研制了采用机械和复位控制两种方法实现高功率磁开关电参数的在线连续可调，主要特色为：1. 研究了强磁场激励下磁性材料磁滞特性，并对其磁化过程的物理机制进行分析；2. 采用机械控制方法实现了高功率磁开关电参数的调节，并将其应用于一种固态高功率脉冲驱动源实现参数调节；3. 采用机械控制方法实现了高功率磁开关电参数的调节，并成功将其应用于一种PFN-MOV型脉冲驱动源，实现了输出电脉冲尾沿整形，取得了较好的结果。项目研究对高功率脉冲驱动源及其应用技术具有重要的理论和现实意义。