高温承压设备裂纹电磁超声在线检测关键技术研究

High temperature pressure equipment (such as boilers, reactors, high temperature piping, etc.) are widely used. And they are important equipment in power, petrochemical and other industries. Studied the high-temperature on-line crack detection technology to prevent catastrophic accidents caused by equipment failure has academic and engineering significance. This project proposes the technology of electromagnetic acoustic transducer to achieve high-temperature pressure equipment crack online quantitative detection. Mainly focusing on: 1) The phenomenon of surface wave and oblique incidence wave interaction with crack. Propose a method using the transmission, diffraction, scattering and modal conversion characteristics during interaction process to quantitatively measure crack. 2) Development of equally spaced arcuate coil to achieve space focusing of oblique incident ultrasonic. Development of Chirp step space coil with arc shape to focus surface wave on point t. Using them to detect inside and outside crack of high-temperature equipment. 3) Realize crack online detection of high temperature pressure equipment that up to 650℃.

高温承压设备（如锅炉、反应器、高温管道等）应用广泛，存量巨大，是电力、石化等行业的重要装备。研究其常见损伤形式裂纹的高温在线检测技术，预防失效导致的灾难性事故，具有重要的学术和工程意义。项目提出一种高温电磁超声传感器实现高温承压设备裂纹在线定量检测的方法，重点研究：1）表面波、斜入射超声波与不同尺寸裂纹交互作用时的反射、透射、衍射、散射和模态转换特性，建立由交互作用特征进行裂纹定量检测的方法；2）研制弧形等间距线圈斜入射超声波空间聚焦、弧形Chirp间距线圈表面波点聚焦高温EMAT，用于在役高温设备内、外表面裂纹检测；3）开发适用温度可达650℃的高温承压设备裂纹在线检测技术。

本项目发展了一种高温电磁超声传感器实现高温承压设备裂纹在线检测方法，研究设备内外表面裂纹超声波定量检测机理，突破高温在线检测用聚焦式电磁超声传感器优化设计制造关键技术，分析温度变化对裂纹定量检测的影响。主要完成情况如下：.1）研究了超声表面波及斜入射超声波与裂纹交互作用的散射特性，发展了一种基于超声波与裂纹交互作用特征进行裂纹定量检测的方法。.2）研究了多频检测裂纹的作用激励，并研制了一种弧形Chirp间距线圈实现多频组合表面波点聚焦的高温电磁超声传感器，进行高温承压设备外表面裂纹在线检测。.3）研究了单向表面激发机理，并研制了一种弧形等间距线圈实现斜入射超声波点聚焦的高温电磁超声传感器，进行高温承压设备内表面裂纹在线检测。.4）实验研究了高温电磁超声波检测的关键影响因素，突破了电磁超声耐高温设计技术，形成了适用温度可达650ºC的高温承压设备裂纹在线检测技术。