蕨麻多糖化学结构及抗辐射作用研究

We have researched this project for many years. Potentilla anserine polysaccharide (PAP)is a nature polysaccharide extracted from potentilla anserine. The results of the research were shown as follow:Treated with PAP consecutively before and after irradiation by 4.0 Gy X-raycould increase the weight of radiation mice and decrease the sperm malformation rate significantly . PAP anti-radiation effect is expected to develop new anti-radiation of natural medicine. .This subject on the basis of preliminary studies use the infrared spectroscopy, high field superconducting NMR, gas chromatography - mass spectrometry and other means,the chemical structure of the PAP system: the order of the connections between themonosaccharides, glycosidic bond type, anomeric configuration, polysaccharide residuetypes, the proportion of sugar chain branch points; to establish a mouse model ofradiation damage caused by X-ray radiation, by immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy techniques fern Ma polysaccharide mechanism of anti-radiation effect study to clarify the structure-activity relationship between the PAP the chemical structure andanti-radiation effect.

本课题组多年研究发现，蕨麻多糖是由5种单糖组成的生物高分子，可显著提高受 4.0GyX射线照射小鼠体重，并对辐射小鼠精子畸形率有显著的降低作用，显示蕨麻多糖具有抗辐射作用，有望开发新的抗辐射的天然药物。.本课题在前期研究的基础上，利用红外光谱、高场及超导核磁、气相色谱-质谱联用等手段,系统研究蕨麻多糖的化学结构：5种单糖间的连接顺序、糖苷键的类型、异头物的构型、多糖残基的种类、比例及糖链分支点等；建立X-射线辐射所引起的辐射损伤小鼠动物模型，通过免疫组化、电子显微镜等技术手段进行蕨麻多糖抗辐射作用的机理研究，阐明蕨麻多糖化学结构与抗辐射作用间的构效关系。

蕨麻（Potentilla anserina L.）是一种药食同源的物品，具有较高的营养价值和治疗作用，其主要活性成分为蕨麻多糖（PAP）。本课题研究了蕨麻多糖的提取、纯化工艺，结构；研究了蕨麻多糖硫酸酯（SPAP）的合成工艺；蕨麻多糖的抗辐射药理活性；蕨麻粉和蕨麻多糖片剂的制备工艺。主要研究结果如下：.1..蕨麻多糖的提取、纯化工艺.在超声波和微波辅助下，蕨麻多糖优化提取工艺为：温度60℃，提取时间60min，料液比1:10-1:45。利用木瓜蛋白酶法与sevag法联用进行蕨麻多糖脱蛋白工艺研究，得到蕨麻粗多糖。采用葡聚糖凝胶法纯化蕨麻粗多糖，得到较纯的蕨麻多糖。利用GC-MS分析了PAP的单糖组成。.2. 蕨麻多糖硫酸化.采用acid/pyridine (CSA/Py) 方法合成SPAP，反应条件为选择CSA/Py 为1:1，反应时间3 h，反应温度59℃。.3. 蕨麻多糖的抗辐射药理活性研究.通过小鼠饲喂蕨麻多糖，以小鼠存活率、体重、外周血白细胞数量、脾脏淋巴细胞等为观察指标，发现蕨麻多糖具有良好的抗辐射活性。.4..蕨麻粉和蕨麻多糖片剂的制备工研究.采用湿法制粒压片法确定了蕨麻粉和蕨麻多糖片剂的制备工艺。