新型超弹性记忆合金网球复合肌腱干细胞修复鸸鹋股骨头坏死的实验研究

The collapse of femoral head is the main reason of the arthritis of hip and mutilation, the prevention of collapse of femoral head is quite difficult. The memory alloy cage device could be implanted into the femoral head followed bone graft implantation which may provide a solution for the prevention of the collapse of femoral head. However, the long-term follow-up found that the cage was broken with time and stress development due to metal fatigue and the poor bone regeneration, then the femoral head was collapsed. Our previous study aimed to improve local bone repair ability and promote bone formation by bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), the results showed that the hip osteoarthritis was the severe long-term complication. We speculated that the BMSCs did not repair the subchondral bone and cartilage of the femoral head as BMSCs only promoted local osteogenesis. The tendon derived stem cells (TDSCs) had higher mRNA expression of tendon, cartilage and bone related markers than that of BMSCs, which suggested that TDSCs had stronger osteogenic and chondrogenic potentials to repair cartilage and subchondral bone of the femoral head. The aims of this project were to improve and design a new superlastic cage system for emu femoral head osteonecrosis based on our human memory alloy cage system protocol; to set up the emu femoral head osteonecrosis animal model; to investigate the effect of combined superlastic cage system with tendon derived stem cells on the treatment of emu femoral head osteonecrosis. By this research, we try to find a new solution for the treatment of femoral head osteonecrosis.

股骨头塌陷是股骨头坏死髋关节功能丧失的主要原因，临床上缺乏有效的治疗方案。我们曾设计记忆合金网球植入股骨头坏死区域，并在网球内外植骨的方法治疗股骨头坏死。但由于金属疲劳性和周围骨再生长入困难，长期随访发现网球在时间和应力的双重作用下发生碎裂，继而股骨头塌陷。前期研究尝试骨髓基质细胞以促进新骨形成，股骨头虽未塌陷，但是远期发生重度骨性关节炎，推测基质细胞并未修复股骨头软骨面和软骨下骨，仅向成骨方向分化，导致骨质增生。肌腱干细胞中肌腱、软骨以及骨相关标记物表达水平均明显高于骨髓基质细胞，说明其具有极大的成骨、成软骨分化潜能，有望修复软骨和软骨下骨。本课题组拟在现有记忆合金网球制作方法基础上，改进并设计出适合鸸鹋的新型超弹性记忆合金网球；建立鸸鹋股骨头坏死动物模型；并探索新型超弹性记忆合金网球结合肌腱干细胞修复鸸鹋股骨头坏死的疗效。本课题的顺利实施，将为股骨头坏死的临床治疗策略提供新的实验依据。

股骨头塌陷是股骨头坏死髋关节功能丧失的主要原因,临床上缺乏有效的治疗方案。肌腱干细胞中肌腱、软骨以及骨相关标记物表达水平均明显高于骨髓基质细胞,说明其具有极大的成骨、成软骨分化潜能,有望修复软骨和软骨下骨，是股骨头坏死干细胞治疗的种子细胞。本课题组在现有记忆合金网球制作方法基础上,改进并设计出适合鸸鹋的新型超弹性记忆合金网球；建立出鸸鹋股骨头坏死动物模型；分离培养出肌腱干细胞，并对其鉴定。课题组利用肌腱干细胞，配合超弹性记忆合金网球，对股骨头坏死进行治疗，意图为股骨头坏死的临床治疗策略提供新的实验依据。