基于“流变-小角中子散射”联用技术的沥青流变基因组研究

Asphalt rheological genome is the essential of asphalt rheological characteristics. It is the key to resolve the asphalt rheology related problems. There are two important issues about determining the rheological genome. One is that the 3D microstructure of asphalt binder is hard to confirm, the other is that the relationship between the rheological characteristics and microstructure is not established yet. Regarding these two issues, the research is carried out. First of all, the microstructure and structural unit of asphalt binders are determined based on AFM, SANS and microscopic imaging theory, and the parameters that can accurately describe the characteristics of structural unit are put forward. Then, the Rheo-SANS system for asphalt binders is designed, and the rheological characteristics and the microstructure of asphalt binders are synchronously tested using the designed Rheo-SANS system. Afterward, the rheological characteristics and microstructure evolution rule are analyzed based on rheology and scattering theory, and the relationship between them is established using the characteristics parameters. The structure of the rheology-microstructure database is designed. Finally, the asphalt binder samples are selected based on representative principle. After synchronously testing and analyzing the rheological characteristics and microstructure of all the binder samples, the rheology-microstructure database is established. The rheological genome is determined by analyzing all the data using the correlation analysis method for mass data. This study can not only propose a new method to study the genome of asphalt materials but also lay the theoretical foundation for the modification, evaluation, design and alterative materials development of asphalt binders.

流变基因组是沥青流变特性的本源，是解决沥青流变性相关问题的关键。本项目针对沥青流变基因组研究中三维微观结构难以准确确定、宏观流变特性与微观结构的多元对应关系未建立两大关键问题开展研究。首先，基于AFM与SANS测试技术和显微成像理论，确定沥青的三维微观结构和结构单元，提出结构单元特征参数；其次，基于同步测试原理设计沥青Rheo-SANS测试系统，并采用该系统同步获取沥青的宏微观性能；而后，基于流变理论及散射原理分析沥青的流变特性及微观结构演化规律并以特征参数为桥梁建立两者的相关关系，基于相关水平和数据库理论设计沥青流变-微观结构数据库的结构；最后，基于代表性原则选择数据库沥青样本，基于沥青样本的同步宏微观性能数据建立沥青流变-微观结构数据库，借助海量数据相关性分析方法，确定沥青的流变基因组。本研究将为沥青流变特性的研究开辟新途径，为沥青的生产、改性、评价及替代材料开发提供理论依据。

流变基因组是沥青流变特性的本源，是解决沥青流变性相关问题的关键。目前存在的主要问题是：沥青流变基因组研究中三维微观结构难以准确确定；宏观流变特性与微观结构的多元对应关系未建立。针对上述问题，本项目首先基于显微和散射技术确定了沥青的三维微观结构；其次，深入分析了沥青的线性及非线性流变特性，确定了沥青流变性特征参数；然后，开发了Rheo-SAXS原位测试系统，提出了适用于沥青的Rheo-SAXS原位测试方法，原位测试并分析了沥青的流变特性及微观结构；最后，建立了小样本沥青流变-微观结构数据库，确定了沥青的流变基因组。本项目为沥青流变特性的研究开辟了新的途径，为沥青的生产、改性、评价提供了理论依据，同时对其他流变材料基因组的研究具有一定指导意义。依托项目发表学术论文11篇（SCI检索9篇，EI检索2篇）；获授权国家发明专利4项；培养博士研究生4名，硕士研究生5名。