裂隙网络地下水选择流动机理实验与模拟研究

With the increasing number of underground projects, such as tunneling, oil extraction, geological disposal of nuclear waste, the problem of bedrock fracture water is more and more prominent, which becomes a hot and challenging research topic in the field of hydrogeology. Bedrock media are widely distributed in nature, fracture network is the main channel of groundwater and pollutant transport. Due to the limitation of the complex influencing factors, high non-linearity and large variation in time and space of bedrock fracture system, the research on the mechanism of water flow in fracture network system is weak so far, which restricts the scientific evaluation and sustainable utilization of bedrock groundwater. This project plans to expand the results of our previous studies, it was organized and implemented according to the logic of "multidisciplinary basic research- simulation experiment-numerical simulation-mechanism of selective flow", fracture geometry and hydraulic properties, the behavior of "seepage" and variation rule of "threshold" in fracture network under the condition of mixing effect were researched. The difference characteristics of preferential flow of fracture network water and "seepage" were emphatically analyzed, the limitations of traditional "seepage" model to simulate network water were described, model and method of setting "seepage" and selective flow as a whole in fracture network were established, mechanism of preferential flow of groundwater in fracture network was revealed, the theory and method of groundwater flow and solute transport in bedrock fractured media were developed, and scientific basis for promoting social sustainable development was provided.

随着地下工程如隧道开凿、石油开采、核废料地质处置等日益增多，基岩裂隙水问题日益突出，成为水文地质学领域的热点和挑战性研究课题。基岩介质在自然界分布广泛，裂隙网络是地下水及污染物运移的主要通道。受基岩裂隙系统影响因素复杂、高度非线性与时空变化大等制约，迄今对裂隙网络系统中水的流动机理研究比较薄弱，限制了对基岩水量的科学评价及可持续利用。本项目拟拓展我们以往的研究结果，按照“多学科基础研究-仿真实验-数值模拟-选择流动机理”逻辑组织实施，研究裂隙几何、水力属性及其混合作用下裂隙网络“渗流”行为以及该“阈值”变化规律，重点分析裂隙网络水选择流动与“渗流”的差异性特征；描述传统“渗流”模型模拟网络水流的局限性，构建能够集裂隙网络“渗流”和选择流动为一体的模型与方法；揭示裂隙网络中地下水选择流动机制，发展基岩裂隙水运移的理论和方法，为促进社会可持续发展提供科学依据。

随着地下工程如隧道开凿、石油开采、核废料地质处置等日益增多，基岩裂隙水问题日益突出，成为水文地质学领域的热点和挑战性研究课题。基岩介质在自然界分布广泛，裂隙网络是地下水及污染物运移的主要通道。受基岩裂隙系统影响因素复杂、高度非线性与时空变化大等制约，迄今对裂隙网络系统中水的流动机理研究比较薄弱，限制了对基岩水量的科学评价及可持续利用。.本项目基于我们以往的研究结果，按照“多学科基础研究-仿真实验-数值模拟-选择流动机理”逻辑组织实施，开展了单个-分叉-交叉-网络裂隙中裂隙水流系列实验，阐明了达西流-非达西流变化过程，初步揭示了其优势流产生条件和演化机理；基于水文地质调查-物探-钻探-抽水试验及示踪实验等方法，开展了泉域裂隙水优势流现场研究，发现了马脊山幸福泉（裂隙岩溶泉）泉域裂隙-岩溶2套系统；研发了水力层析对优势通道的刻画技术，成功地用于谢桥煤矿突水优势通道识别；开展了裂隙非线性渗流量化理论模式研究与数值模拟，基于Fluent6.3.26平台，研发了“Y”型网络裂隙中水流数值模拟软件技术，揭示了裂隙几何特征和雷诺数对裂隙水非线性渗流的影响机制；此外，我们还研发了裂隙水及溶质运移在线监测技术方法等成果。上述成果推动了基岩裂隙水运移理论的发展，具有现实意义和战略意义。.项目已发表学术论文28篇，其中高水平论文23篇（含SCI收录21篇、中文核心2篇；EI收录10篇）；科研成果获安徽省科技进步三等奖1项；承办会议1次；获得专利4项，其中发明专利2项、实用新型2项；培养教师4人，包括中级职称晋升高级的有3人、由初级升为中级的1人；培养学生9人，其中获得博士学位3人、硕士学位6人，等；超额完成原计划的各项指标任务。