It is aimed at developing a new self-sharpening diamond fiber wheel in order to overcome the shortages of traditional grinding wheel,such as random grits distribution, high grinding temperature, the abrasive fall off the grinding wheel prematurely, grinding wheel wear and loading problems become more severe in the grinding processing. And further study on the grinding performance and grinding mechanism of the diamond fiber wheel.The diamond fibers of a large aspect ratio and grits not fall off easily were prepared using powder injection molding and vacuum brazing,the fibers were arranged orderly in the matrix material of the grinding wheel,and the arrangement parameter were optimized through the experiment and simulation,pore structure was introduced to the wheel to increase the chip-pocket space and cooling ability,and the wear matching between diamond fiber and matrix material was realized through developing the optimal compositions for the bond material.After the preparation of the new diamond fiber wheel,it discusses the grinding performances and grinding mechanism of machining engineering ceramics and cemented carbides.The diamond fiber wheel prepared has fibers that are artificially ordered and diamond grains not easily pulled off,it has big chip-pocket space and good self-sharp ability.It is major innovation in the structure to the traditional grinding wheel,and it has wide application field and broad market prospect.
本项目主要针对传统砂轮磨粒分布随意、磨削温度高、磨粒容易脱落、磨削过程砂轮容易堵塞等问题,提出了一种新型自锐性金刚石纤维砂轮的制备方法,并对金刚石纤维砂轮的磨削机理进行深入研究。利用粉末注射成型和真空钎焊技术制备出截面尺寸细小、长径比大、磨粒不易脱落的金刚石纤维;对金刚石纤维在砂轮胎体材料中进行人为有序排布,结合实验和仿真技术对其排布方式和排布参数进行优化,提高砂轮容屑空间,降低砂轮工作面发生堵塞的可能;通过砂轮胎体材料配方的优化,引入多孔隙结构提高砂轮散热能力,并实现金刚石纤维与胎体材料磨损相匹配,达到自锐的目的;开展新型金刚石纤维砂轮加工工程陶瓷及硬质合金等典型难加工材料的磨削机理研究,初步建立其精密磨削加工理论。制备的金刚石纤维砂轮具有金刚石纤维有序排布、金刚石不易脱落、容屑空间大、自锐性好等特点,是对传统砂轮结构和工艺的重大创新,具有广阔的市场空间和应用前景。
本项目主要针对传统金刚石砂轮磨粒分布随意、磨削温度高、磨粒容易脱落、磨削过程中砂轮容易堵塞等问题,提出和制备了一种新型自锐性金刚石纤维砂轮,并对其磨削性能进行了深入研究。项目采用粉末注射成形及真空钎焊技术制备出了长径比大、磨粒把力大且具有良好切削性能的金刚石纤维,并对其粉末注射成形工艺参数、脱脂工艺参数和真空钎焊工艺参数进行了优化;借鉴孔模板技术在节块模具中按一定的排布方式和排布参数沿其周向开孔,将制备的金刚石纤维人为排布于小孔中,并用粘接物将其快速固定;将含有4wt.%造孔剂碳酸铵的砂轮胎体材料填充于其中,并加入铜粉、Fe2O3、MgO和冰晶石等填料以改善砂轮的机械强度和耐磨性能;然后对其进行压制成型制备出金刚石纤维节块;将多个金刚石纤维节块进行整体热压成型制备出自锐性金刚石纤维砂轮;并对其进行二次固化处理,使砂轮胎体材料完全固化,提高其强度和硬度。开展了基于金刚石纤维砂轮的工程陶瓷和WC/12Co涂层等难加工材料的磨削性能研究。实验结果表明,相对于普通树脂结合剂金刚石砂轮,金刚石纤维砂轮的加工表面完整性较好,微观裂纹和表面损伤相对较少;金刚石纤维砂轮的加工表面粗糙度增长幅度相对较小;表面残余应力降低了8%-12%,这有效降低了微裂纹的形成和应力集中,提高了加工表面质量;磨削过程中金刚石纤维砂轮的工作表面磨粒主要经历了完整、小块破碎、大块破碎、磨损等正常磨损形式,很少出现金刚石整颗磨粒过早脱落的情况;当经过长时间的磨削,上层金刚石磨耗磨损失去切削能力后,金刚石纤维中下层金刚石可以继续出露发挥切削性能,金刚石纤维砂轮的使用寿命大幅度提高。项目申请发明专利2项,在国内外重要期刊发表学术论文10篇,其中EI收录6篇。本项目的研究成果将对新型金刚石纤维砂轮的推广应用及难加工材料的高效精密加工技术的发展起到积极推动作用。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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