铝-铝超高速碰撞火球光辐射特征参数建模

As the precision guidance technology develops rapidly, kinetic damage will be the major direction in anti-missile weapon research. The hypervelocity kinetic intercepting damage effect is an important part in the kinetic intercepting assessment. At present, the characteristic of the hypervelocity impact fireball is widely proposed to be used in the real time remote diagnosing technology in the kinetic interception damage effect assessment. The temperature,the atomic ionization ratio of the fire ball, and the relation between the impact parameters and the transforming efficiency from the impact kinetic energy to the radiantion energy , are the main parts of the fire ball characteristic radiation spectral analysis. In this research, the temperature of the fireball in aluminum-aluminum hypervelocity impact, aluminum atomic ionization ratio, and the relation between the energy transforming efficiency and the impact parameters are studied. The mathematical model that depicts the fireball temperature of aluminum-aluminum hypervelocity impact, aluminum atomic ionization ratio, and the relation between the energy transforming efficiency and impact parameters is built, by applying theoretical analysis, carrying out hypervelocity impact transient spectra measurement and radiation intensity measurement test. This study could provide technical support to our country's kinetic interception damage effect assessment.

随着精确制导技术迅猛发展，反导武器采用动能毁伤模式将会是主要发展方向。超高速动能拦截效果是动能拦截毁伤效果评估研究中的重要研究内容。目前，超高速碰撞火球辐射特性作为一种动能拦截过程毁伤评估的实时远程诊断技术被广泛提议。超高速碰撞火球温度、原子离化率以及碰撞过程中撞击动能转化为辐射能量的效率与撞击参数的关系是超高速碰撞火球辐射特性解谱技术的重要组成部分。本研究拟开展铝-铝超高速碰撞火球温度、铝原子离化率以及撞击动能转化为特征谱辐射能量的转化率等与撞击参数之间的关系研究，通过理论分析、超高速撞击瞬态光谱测量及光辐射强度测量试验研究和数据归纳总结建模相结合，建立描述铝-铝超高速碰撞火球温度、铝原子离化率及光谱能量随撞击参数的变化规律和数学模型，为我国动能反导毁伤效果评估分析提供技术支撑。

本研究根据国家自然科学基金“铝-铝超高速碰撞火球光辐射特征参数建模”项目要求开展。主要开展了铝-铝超高速碰撞火球温度建模研究，铝-铝超高速碰撞相变率建模研究和铝-铝超高速碰撞特征谱建模研究。通过研究，获得了不同撞击条件下撞击火球的激发温度，分析了粒子空间分布不均和时间不均效应对测量结果的影响；建立了能描述相变现象的宽域状态方程，发展了基于数值计算的撞击产物相态判断方法，并评估了不同撞击条件下撞击产物的气化率、熔化率和离化率；建立了铝铝撞击特征辐射的计算方法，通过超高速撞击试验，获得了不同速度及环境压力下撞击辐射强度随时间变化关系及不同时刻的光谱，初步分析了撞击辐射特征出现的机理。通过以上研究，达到了预期研究目的，实现了预期研究目标。