面向强激光非线性传输中相位演化检测的热光鬼成像研究

Ghost imaging has been the frontier of the cross research of quantum physics and imaging technique. Based on the extensive research of ghost imaging for the amplitude objects, it is more and more important to develop ghost imaging technique for the phase objects. The precision measurement and control of the phase evolution originated from laser pulses during nonlinear propagation are quite crucial to the application techniques of laser communication etc, while it is difficult to real-time detecting the nonlinear phases at present. So the research project focuses on ghost imaging of the complicated phase objects, the nonlinear phases which can be controlled by high power laser are looked on as the phase objects. By analyzing the effects from the phase evolution originated from laser pulses during nonlinear propagation on ghost imaging, one may obtain the relation between the quality of ghost imaging for the phase objects and the phase evolution, then investigate the probability of detecting the phase evolution originated from laser pulses during nonlinear propagation by ghost imaging technique of the phase objects. We will analyze the sensitivity and precision of ghost imaging for the phase objects, and develop the precision synchronization control schemes and high-speed ghost imaging schemes, and explore the phase ghost imaging technique for real-time detecting the phase evolution originated from high power laser pulses during nonlinear propagation. The investigation of this project makes ghost imaging technique and high power laser technique overlap and merge, which not only prefects ghost imaging theory, but also provides a new method to detect nonlinear phases.

鬼成像是近年来量子物理和成像技术的交叉学科前沿，在目前振幅物体的成像得到广泛研究的基础上发展相位物体的鬼成像技术变得越来越重要。激光非线性传输过程中相位演化的检测对其应用极为关键，但是目前非线性相位的实时检测存在较大的困难。鉴于此，本项目拟重点研究复杂相位物体的鬼成像技术，利用强激光操控非线性相位演化作为相位物体，分析不同性质的非线性相位对鬼成像质量的影响；再获得相位鬼成像质量与相位演化的关系，深入研究利用相位鬼成像技术来检测激光非线性传输中相位演化的有效范围，探索相位鬼成像的灵敏度和精度；发展精确的测量同步控制方案和高速鬼成像方案，探索实时检测高功率激光脉冲非线性演化过程的相位鬼成像解决方案。项目的研究将鬼成像技术和高功率激光技术两个领域结合交叉起来，不仅能够完善了鬼成像理论，也为激光应用的非线性相位演化检测提供了新的途径。

本项目首先对激光传输过程中的相位影响包括非线性相位和湍流等微扰相位的影响进行了系统的研究和深入分析。建立了激光非线性传输多种计算模型及实现程序，给出了非线性相位影响传输演化规律及控制方法；提出了通过非线性控制诱导光束变换的方案及控制方法；深入分析了在湍流等信道微扰相位干扰下的光束传输理论，获得了信道微扰相位对激光束传输的基本影响规律。其次建立了针对不同传输信道影响情况下的量子关联成像模型，对成像目标的特征和成像质量的控制进行了系统理论分析，并在实验室进行了相应的实验验证。基于量子关联成像的基本理论问题如相干模表象理论、统一系统的点扩散函数等研究将相位影响情况下信道传输模型应用于鬼成像中，建立了相位干扰下的鬼成像理论模型，完成了信道干扰、弱光探测等不同情况下的鬼成像实验系统验证，并提出了提高鬼成像质量的方法；深入分析了不同类型的成像目标特性及目标频谱特征对成像质量的影响规律及程度，分析了物光量化对灰度目标的成像能力，研究发现通过成像质量和频谱特性即可对目标相位进行评估。最后，项目研究也发现了鬼成像在数据压缩恢复及保密方面的优势，提出了基于鬼成像机制的图像稳定保密传输方案。