干旱区农田防护林网对绿洲水碳过程的影响

The agricultural shelterbelt network, as the key ecological barriers of oases in arid region, its function is not only the simple sum of that of the separate belts, it is the result of the interaction of the shelterbelt network. The ecological processes of shelterbelt network in arid oases are so complicated that the observation and modeling at single scale was hard to assess the effects scientifically,and only the observation and modeling at multi-scales could help to assess the spatial and temporal pattern of the ecological processes of shelterbelt network objectively. This project taking the oases of Manas river and Sangong river watersheds as the study area. Based on the site abservation, field experiment, modeling and remote sensing, spatially and temporally coupled the shelterbelt network corridor pattern and the water and carbon process of oases at the patch and landscape scale respectively. The model was established to display the relationship of shelterbelt network pattern and the water and carbon process of oases. The shelterbelt network pattern will be optimized to improve the cological benefits based on the mechanism. This project will not only provide scientific basis for agricultural shelterbelt establishment and management, but also promote the development of basic theory and technologies of agricultural shelterbelt.

干旱区农田防护林体系作为绿洲农田的关键生态屏障，其功能不是单条林带的简单叠加，而是整个林网综合作用的结果。因此，传统的小尺度上的观测或模拟难以科学合理的评估农田防护林网对绿洲生态过程的影响，只有在宏观尺度上基于防护林网空间格局进行评价，才能客观揭示不同林网格局的整体效应。本项目拟以天山北坡玛纳斯河和三工河流域绿洲为研究区，通过定点观测、田间试验、模型模拟和遥感反演等手段，基于防护林廊道网络与绿洲景观格局时空关系的互动模拟，分别在斑块（防护林网格）和绿洲（防护林网络）尺度上，耦合分析林网结构和格局对绿洲蒸散发和水碳过程的影响，建立绿洲防护林格局指标和绿洲水碳过程的关系模型，揭示农田林网格局在较大尺度上对绿洲水碳过程的影响机制，构建基于防护效益最大化的绿洲林网优化配置格局。研究结果不仅在实践上可为农田防护林的构建与经营提供科学依据，而且在学科上完善防护林学的基础理论与技术体系。

干旱区农田防护林体系作为绿洲农田的关键生态屏障，其功能不是单条林带的简单叠加，而是整个林网综合作用的结果。因此，传统的小尺度上的观测或模拟难以科学合理的评估农田防护林网对绿洲生态过程的影响，只有在宏观尺度上基于防护林网空间格局进行评价，才能客观揭示不同林网格局的整体效应。本项目以天山北坡玛纳斯河和三工河流域绿洲为研究区，通过定点观测、田间试验、模型模拟和遥感反演等手段，在分析绿洲农田防护林网景观演变过程的基础上，研究了绿洲蒸散发的时空过程，并估算了绿洲主要作物产量，量化揭示了农田防护林网景观格局对绿洲蒸散过程和主要作物产量的影响和作用，并基于防护林网的蒸散发效应构建了绿洲林网优化配置格局。研究结果不仅在实践上可为农田防护林的构建与经营提供科学依据，而且在学科上有助于于理解绿洲农田防护林网的生态作用机理和过程。