基于光取向液晶的涡旋艾里光束产生及其传输动力学研究

In recent years, optical vortices and Airy beams are widely applied in optical micro-manipulation, super-resolution imaging and other territories due to the spiral phase structure, annular intensity distribution, carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) features and nondiffraction, transverse acceleration, self-healing properties, respectively. Consequently, researches towards their combination, that is, vortex Airy beams (VABs), and their applications have been attracting more and more attention. Nevertheless, the depth of current works related to VABs are not adequate. This project aims to study the mechanisms and methods of generating canonical and complex VABs efficiently, and reveal their propagation dynamics. The main contents are as follows: (1) Design new phase structures which can directly convert Gaussian beams into canonical VABs of different modes, and realize their efficient generation through corresponding liquid crystal (LC) phase plates fabricated via photoalignment technology; (2) Study and reveal the intensity and phase distributions, OAM, focusing properties, self-acceleration, self-healing, nondiffraction, and other aspects of VABs’ propagation dynamics under the modulation of LC micro-structures; (3) Introduce special phase structures such as conical spiral phase and power-exponent spiral phase to generate complex VABs and explore their potential novel physical properties and propagation dynamics. The obtained results will provide more theoretical and experimental foundations for the development of VABs and facilitate their applications in multi-dimensional manipulation of micro-particles, and so on.

近年来，涡旋光束和艾里光束分别因其螺旋相位结构、环形光场分布、携带轨道角动量等特点和无衍射、自加速、自愈等性质，被广泛应用于光学微操控、超分辨显微成像等领域。对综合两种光场特点的涡旋艾里光束及其应用的研究，也开始引起关注，但深度仍不足。本项目旨在研究经典及复杂涡旋艾里光束的高效产生机理及实现方法，并揭示其传输动力学特性。具体包括：①设计可直接将高斯光束转换成不同模式经典涡旋艾里光束的相位结构，通过光取向液晶制备相应的相位板实现经典涡旋艾里光束的高效产生；②研究并揭示涡旋艾里光束在液晶微结构调制下的光强、相位等参量的分布和轨道角动量、焦场特性及自加速、自愈、无衍射等传输动力学行为；③引入锥螺旋和幂指数螺旋等相位结构产生复杂的涡旋艾里光束，探讨其可能具有的新颖的物理特性及传输动力学行为。相关研究成果将为涡旋艾里光束的发展提供理论基础和实验依据，并有助于推动其在多维度微粒操控等方面的应用。

近年来，涡旋光束和艾里光束分别因其螺旋相位结构、环形光场分布、携带轨道角动量等特点和无衍射、自加速、自愈等性质，被广泛应用于光学微操控、超分辨显微成像等领域。对综合两种光场特点的涡旋艾里光束及其应用的研究，也开始引起关注，但深度仍不足。本项目旨在研究经典及复杂涡旋艾里光束的高效产生机理及实现方法，并揭示其传输动力学特性。主要研究内容为：①设计可直接将高斯光束转换成不同模式经典涡旋艾里光束的相位结构，通过光取向液晶制备相应的相位板实现经典涡旋艾里光束的高效产生；②研究并揭示涡旋艾里光束在液晶微结构调制下的光强、相位等参量的分布和轨道角动量、焦场特性及自加速、自愈、无衍射等传输动力学行为；③引入锥螺旋和幂指数螺旋等相位结构产生复杂的涡旋艾里光束，探讨其可能具有的新颖的物理特性及传输动力学行为。在本项目的支持下，共发表论文20篇，其中包括Advanced Materials两篇，Laser & Photonics Reviews两篇，SCIENCE CHINA Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy两篇，APL Photonics一篇，Applied Physics Letters一篇，Optics Letters四篇，Optics Express三篇等；申请了国家发明专利5项，其中获授权4项。相关研究成果将为涡旋艾里光束的发展提供理论基础和实验依据，并有助于推动其在多维度微粒操控等方面的应用。