基于金-银双金属纳米棒的光电联用柔性传感器件研究

Flexible sensors have received tremendous attention and become one of the research hotspots in recent years owing to their remarkable sensing properties and potential applications in consumer electronics, healthcare, environmental monitoring, homeland security, and intelligent robot. However, necessary technologies still need to be developed to help flexible sensors to overcome limitations such as low detection precision and sensitivity, narrow response range, and poor spatial resolution that originate from the physicochemical properties and assembly of the functional nanomaterials in the sensing units. Herein, we propose the fabrication of a novel photo-electronic coupling flexible sensor by taking advantage of both electronic and optical sensing technique. Au-Ag bimetallic nanorods will be used as building blocks for the design of electronic sensing unit, while inverse opal structures with viewing angle independent property will be introduced into the optical sensing unit of the proposed flexible sensor to improve the detection precision, sensitivity and realize the quantitative detection of pressure. We will study the growth pathway of Ag on Au nanorod seeds to clarify the mechanism for structure and size control of the Au-Ag bimetallic nanocrystals. Moreover, the effect of structure, size, and assembly of the functional building blocks in both electronic and optical sensing units on the electron transport, optical/electrical responsiveness, as well as the sensing mechanism of the resultant flexible sensor will be systematically investigated. We believe this work will provide plenty of inspiration and strategies for the design and fabrication of novel flexible sensors with superior properties for a variety of applications.

柔性传感器件由于具有优异的传感性能，在电子消费市场、医疗健康、环境监测、国防安全、智能机器人等领域具有广阔的应用前景，近年来受到了广泛关注并成为前沿研究热点之一。但到目前为止，柔性传感器件受传感单元中功能纳米材料的性质与组装影响，仍存在检测精度不高、响应范围较窄、空间分辨率不佳等问题亟待解决。在本项目研究中，我们提出结合电学传感与光学传感技术，设计基于结构、尺寸可控的金-银双金属纳米棒的电学传感单元，以及具有反蛋白石有序结构，检测角度无偏的光学传感单元，构建光电联用的新型柔性传感器件，着重研究金-银双金属纳米棒的结构设计、可控制备及有序组装，明确所构建柔性器件的传感机理，探讨光学、电学传感单元中纳米材料的结构、尺寸、组装等因素对电子传递、光/电响应的作用规律，实现对应力等研究对象高效灵敏、精确、实时定量的传感检测，为新型高性能柔性传感器件的研制与应用提供新思路和策略。

具有良好物理化学性质，基于电学或是光学传感技术的柔性传感器件能够实现对应力、振动、光等外部刺激的传感响应，在医疗健康、环境监测、国防安全等领域具有潜在的应用前景，是当前的研究热点之一。柔性传感器件研究中的一个核心问题是功能传感单元的设计与制备，但受器件传感单元中功能纳米材料的性质与组装的影响，功能化、高灵敏、高精度的柔性传感器件的构建仍存在较大挑战。本研究中，我们成功制备了具有多重响应性的柔性纳米粒子以及尺寸、结构可控的金-银双金属纳米粒子，并分别以这两种纳米粒子作为基本结构单元设计功能化的光学、电学传感层，构建了光学和电学传感联用的新型柔性传感器件，实现了对应力、离子等外加刺激的动态可逆响应及传感检测。我们系统研究了双金属纳米粒子制备中的还原剂浓度、反应温度等动力学相关参数对其结构的影响，明确了双金属纳米粒子的形貌调控机理。此外，我们还探索了柔性纳米粒子的表面功能基团、柔性单体含量、组装所成的有序结构周期等因素对其响应性和响应范围的影响。这种光电联用的柔性传感器件为新型功能化柔性传感器件的设计与制备方面提供了新的思路和策略，在医疗健康等领域具有良好的应用前景。