面向气液两相流特征参数表征的新型多源异质传感器测量机理研究

This work is focused on the parameter measurement of gas-liquid two-phase flow encountered in the industrial applications. To address the problem of the existing multi-sensor in accurate characterization of the gas-liquid flow, a novel heterogeneous multi-sensor which consists of two contactless dual modality sensors and a Venturi flowmeter is constructed. Based on the investigation of the related measurement mechanism, the accurate characterization of the gas-liquid flow is realized. Firstly, the characteristic of the sensitive field is analyzed for the two contactless dual modality sensors which are comprised of capacitively coupled electrical resistance tomography and ultrasonic tomography. The impact of the complex gas-liquid distribution on the sensitive field is revealed. The method for optimization of the dual modality sensor is presented. Secondly, the characteristics of the information obtained by the contactless dual modality tomography are discussed and an image reconstruction algorithm is developed to cope with the seriously ill-posed inverse problem. Finally, the measurement mechanism and spatial geometry optimization of the heterogeneous multi-sensor is investigated which consists of the contactless dual modality sensors and the Venturi flowmeter. Under the coupling of flow field, electric field and acoustic field, the internal relationship among the information from multiple sources is studied. Measurement model of the gas-liquid flow is established which characterizes the flow parameters comprehensively and accurately. This work provides a new theoretical approach in improving the measurement of gas-liquid two-phase flow, which has great important academic value and broad prospect in application.

本项目以工业生产领域气液两相流特征参数检测为研究背景，针对现有多传感器组合测量方法在特征参数准确测量中存在的问题，构建一种新型基于非接触双模态传感器与文丘里管差压流量计的多源异质传感器，在明确其测量机理基础上实现气液两相流特征参数的准确表征。首先，分析基于电容耦合电阻层析成像与超声层析成像的非接触双模态传感器敏感场分布特性，揭示复杂气液两相介质分布对传感器敏感场的调制作用机理，给出双模态传感器优化设计方法；接着，探讨非接触双模态层析成像测量信息特征，提出适合高度不适定逆问题稳定求解的图像重建算法；最后，研究基于非接触双模态传感器与文丘里管差压流量计的多源异质传感器测量机理与空间优化配置方法，挖掘电场-声场-流场耦合下的多源测量信息关联特性，建立适合气液两相介质混合流动表征的特征参数测量模型。本项目研究为提高现有气液两相流测量技术水平提供新的理论和方法，具有重要的学术价值以及广阔的应用前景。

气液两相流存在于石油、化工、能源、动力等工业生产领域，其过程参数检测对于确保生产设备的安全运行及生产效率的提高具有重要意义。本课题以气液两相流过程参数测量为研究目标，针对目前单传感器检测方法的局限性，开展了基于多源异质传感器配置的气液两相流特征参数表征方法研究。基于流体力学理论，推导了典型流型下气液两相流流量与分相含率和差压信号的直接计算模型，在保证测量精度与速度前提下有效解决了传统两相流流量测量模型中需预知质量含气率参数的问题。对电阻层析成像图像重建病态逆问题求解方法开展了深入研究，为实现被测区域两相介质电导率分布的高分辨率图像重建和分相含率的准确测量，提出了基于迭代重加权最小二乘法的成像方法、以L1范数为保真项，以一阶和高阶混合总变差为惩罚项的成像方法以及基于非凸惩罚项的全广义变分正则化方法等图像重建算法；采用数值模拟手段对所提电导率分布图像重建方法进行了成像性能评估，同时利用搭建的电阻抗层析成像系统进行了物理实验验证。研究了融合不同敏感原理传感器的双模态测量新方法，在电阻层析成像基础上引入了超声层析成像，通过电场和声场敏感信息的互补增加了有效信息量，以提高电阻抗层析成像的空间分辨率。课题研究期间参加国内外学术会议3次，发表学术论文12篇，其中SCI检索论文10篇、EI检索论文2篇，申请国家发明专利6项，获得授权4项，培养硕士研究生4名。本课题科研成果为提高现有气液两相流测量技术水平提供了新的理论和方法，具有重要的学术价值以及实用前景。