基于GIS的典型黄土区地质灾害致灾因子的优选与地表灾害过程模拟

A case study of typical loess landforms, The loess landform morphological characteristics were studyed deeply to build a digital indicators for quantitative expression of typical loess landform.which were also related to the geological disasters of the area. The digital indicators were extracted automatically with the GIS spatial analysis, composite analysis of remote sensing image and new technologies such as 3D visualization method using high precision DEM data.The evolution of the typical loess landforms were researched and the causal relationship between the loess landform and the geological disasters were also explored. Studying the optimization methods of disaster-causing factors were carried on with the method of correlation coefficient, overlay analysis and comparative analysis for the process simulation of ground surface disasters.

以典型黄土地形地貌为例，通过深入研究黄土地形地貌形态特征，构建定量表达典型黄土地貌与地表地质灾害相关的地表形态数字指标体系，利用GIS空间分析与遥感影像的复合分析、3D可视化等新技术方法和高精度DEM数据实现典型黄土地貌类型与地表地质灾害相关的地表形态数字指标的自动提取，研究典型黄土地貌的演化与地质灾害形成过程之间的因果关系，应用相关系数法、叠加分析和对比分析方法探索致灾因子的优选方法，并进行地表灾害过程模拟。

以典型黄土区(甘肃省岷县、兰州、甘谷)地形地貌为例，通过深入研究黄土地形地貌形态特征，构建定量表达典型黄土地貌与地表地质灾害相关的地表形态数字指标体系，利用GIS空间分析与遥感影像的复合分析、3D可视化等新技术方法和高精度DEM数据，研究典型黄土区地形地貌与地质灾害相关数字指标的识别与提取，并深入分析、探索指标之间、指标与已有地质灾害之间的相关性，研究典型黄土地貌的演化与地质灾害形成过程之间的对应关系，最后发展一套适合于典型黄土区的地质灾害风险评估的精细地形地貌指标体系，为地表地质灾害风险评估指标体系的建立提供一条新途径。