通过全基因组关联分析发掘杧果糖酸品质性状相关基因

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is a favorite fruit in China, which is known as the "king of fruits". However, Lack of new good quality varieties of mango weakened severely Chinese trade competitiveness of the mango industry in the world. In present research, 1) Mango core collections was screened from mango germplasm resources which contain a variety of variation of fruits quality; 2) SNP markers will be developed by Restriction-site Associated DNA sequence; 3)Mango core germplasms will be genotyped using SNP markers developed; 4) The target genes closely related to mango fruit sugar and acid quality traits will be located and mined by association analysis based on linkage disequilibrium, which will accelerate and enhance the efficiency of mango fruit quality breeding. The research system will construct a new platform for gene mapping and mining in the field of mango genetic breeding, and improve the capability of independent innovation in mango germplasms excavation and efficient breeding. Meanwhile, a number of SNP markers will be developed for mango in our research.

杧果是我国重要的热带果树，被誉为"热带果王"。然而，品质优良的杧果新品种的缺乏严重削弱了我国杧果产业在国内外贸易中的竞争力。本研究拟，1）从包含丰富果实品质基因资源的杧果种质资源群体中筛选核心种质资源；2）通过基于酶切的简化基因组测序技术开发SNP标记；3）利用开发的SNP标记检测杧果核心种质资源的全基因组基因型；4）采用连锁不平衡原理的关联分析方法，定位和发掘与杧果糖酸品质性状紧密相关的目标基因，从而加速和提高杧果品质育种效率。该分析体系将在我国杧果遗传育种研究领域构建崭新的基因定位与资源发掘平台，提高我国杧果种质资源发掘与高效育种自主创新能力。同时，为杧果开发一批SNP标记。

杧果是我国重要的热带果树，被誉为“热带果王”。然而，品质优良的杧果新品种的缺乏严重削弱了我国杧果产业在国内外贸易中的竞争力。本研究采集284份芒果核心种质资源叶片，提取、检测DNA质量后送给公司进行简化基因组测序，总共检测获得1,272,446 SNP标记，按照完整度1进行过滤，得到29,136 SNP有效标记。基于芒果遗传信息差异，运用数学统计学方法，完成群体进化树、群体结构和 PCA 的分析，从基因组水平揭示不同地区的品种之间及同一地区的不同个体之间的遗传分化关系，解释不同地区芒果的遗传进化地位。284份芒果种质资源的果实进行了糖酸品质高效液相色谱分析和果实农艺品质性状分析，综合分析果实品质和基因组结果，筛选出若干芒果骨干亲本，经过杂交培育出三个优异品系，已经在农业部进行了品种权登记。本项目结果将为今后有目的的芒果育种提供材料基础和基因组信息基础，可以减小芒果育种的盲目性，同时在一定程度上缩短育种年限，加速芒果新品种的培育和推广。