中国重要天敌昆虫膝芒寄蝇族的系统分类与演化研究

The Goniini is one of the most species-rich tribes of subfamily Exoristinae (Diptera, Tachinidae) of tachinid flies. Goniini producing microtype eggs in females and is recognized as monophyletic only on the basis of internal structures microtype eggs in which ova are ingested by hosts as they feed and hatch in the gut, and the emerging first-instar larvae burrow into the hemocoel. Goniini are parasitic on the larvae of 32 families of 4 orders of insects, Lepidoptera: Arctiidae, Bombycidae, Danaidae, Geometridae, Gracillariidae, Hesperiidae,Lasiocampidae, Limacodidae, Lycaenidae, Lymantriidae, Noctuidae, Notodontidae, Nymphalidae, Papilionidae, Pieridae, Psychidae, Pyralidae, Saturniidae, Satyridae, Tortricidae, Yponomeutidae, Zygaenidae; Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae; Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae; Diptera: Tipulidae etc. As parasitoids, Goniini are important natural enemies (particularly larval Lepidoptera) in most terrestrial ecological communities (regions in natural grasslands and woods, or agriculture and forestry). It is known that Goniini has 88 genera in the world and 139 species of 49 genera in China. .In this project, Goniini of China will be investigated and studied in taxonomy. The types and other Chinese specimens of Goniini will be examined,a revision of known species and genera and genus-groups including new synonyms and new combinations and and new species or new genus will be found, described and illustrated. In biogeography, distribution patterns and changed characters and database of known genera and endemic species of Goniini of China will be summaried and constructed. In biology and co-evolution, host plants and location of herbivores (larval hosts) will be found and recognized, and the structure of eggs, larvae and pupae of some species of Chinese Goniini will be studied by light microscope and scan electric microscope (SEM), explicit consideration of the tritrophic framework of host plants, herbivores, and tachinids is central to understanding patterns of tachinid host use at both microevolutionary and macroevolutionary scales. In molecular systematics, COI and 28S rRNA genes of related species of genera of Goniini from China will be amplified by PCR and sequenced experiments．The phylogenetic trees of those species will be constructed and induced by use of the sequenced data, MEGA4.0 and other softwares. The phylogenetic and evolutionary relationships of the category (genus-group, genera) of Goniini can be well analysed and explained. .In general,modern phylogenetic analyses, as well as basic taxonomic studies,and distribution patterns of Goniini, biocontrol for pests of Lepidoptera by Goniini flies, are sorely needed and are likely to provide fundamental insights into the origin of species snd genera and evolution of life-history strategies of Goniini and their hosts.

膝芒寄蝇族雌成虫产微型卵，被寄主幼虫连同寄主植物叶片取食后，孵化幼虫寄生于玉米螟、草地螟、粘虫、棉铃虫、松毛虫、舞毒蛾、蚕蛾、粉蝶、蛱蝶、金龟子、叶蜂、大蚊等4目32科昆虫体内，是大多数农、牧、林、果害虫的重要天敌。中国已记录49属139种。本项目调查中国产膝芒寄蝇族资源本底；分类学、生物地理与分子系统学相结合研究方法，分类鉴定中国产各属种类，界定、构建属级阶元为基础的物种多样性编目和分布数据库；记述新分类阶元；订正既知属种；研究各属群寄蝇-寄主植物-植食性蛾类幼虫协同进化，鉴定寄主植物种类、检查寄生部位；光镜、电镜解析我国本族寄蝇卵、幼虫、蛹的形态结构；测定COI和28SrRNA等基因组成数据，利用MEGA4等软件建立分子系统树；综合分析推断本族属间、属群间分类系统和演化关系；解释其分布格局；为研究本族物种起源演化和生物控制鳞翅目等害虫提供基础理论依据和解决对策。

中国重要天敌昆虫膝芒寄蝇族的系统分类与演化研究 .（1）2012-2016发表论文论著42篇部，本项目31篇标注，SCI论文7篇（6篇第1作者或通讯作者），核心期刊11篇（10篇第1作者或通讯作者）；论著主编1部，参编3部；沈师大学报等论文5篇；国际会议摘要4篇。主要研究追寄蝇蝇亚科膝芒寄蝇族、长足寄蝇族、突颜寄蝇亚科系统分类，科学上首次发现26新物种（其中寄蝇24种，另有8新种待发表），5中国新纪录属，39中国新纪录种。调查研究中国膝芒寄蝇族，检查标本，鉴定和统计出本族54属155种，增加新分布地。.（2）PLOS ONE（公共科学图书馆•综合SCI 2区）发表论文膝芒寄蝇族“黄须伊乐寄蝇 Elodia flavipalpis Aldrich（膝芒寄蝇族）线粒体全基因组测定及其寄蝇科起源演化时序的推定”，分析注释了线粒体全基因组双链环状DNA分子37个基因，全长14932bp；系统发育分析支持双翅目昆虫短角亚目、环裂次目、有缝组、有瓣蝇类、狂蝇总科及寄蝇科都为单系；分子钟推断寄蝇科昆虫起源和演化时间在距今4千万年前的始新世中期。从分子系统学和进化生物学领域揭示自然界寄生性昆虫起源和演化。.（3）2016年出版《东北地区寄蝇科昆虫》，本书是国家自然科学基金项目和《中国动物志》子项目的成果，是迄今为止我国东北地区寄蝇资源考察最为完整和系统的文献。总论包括东北地区自然环境和生物资源概况，寄蝇科系统地位，我国及东北寄蝇科分类系统，寄蝇分类研究史，形态特征与术语，生物学及生态习性，经济价值和害虫的生物控制，研究材料、原理和方法，东北寄蝇科区系和分布格局。各论部分按分类系统和多样性编排，包括东北地区寄蝇科4亚科30族155属479种，其中有7个中国新记录种，1个新异名和已发表的12个新物种；各论部分还列出各分类单元物种目录、检视标本和分布地，及部分物种的寄主。书后附有调查采集地图、鉴别特征图、生态照片、寄蝇及寄主中名和学名索引。.（4）自然资源调查和研究 在国内生物多样性热点和主要生态地理区（海南、四川西部、云南中部、西北部、西藏东南部、广西大瑶山、湖北大别山区，吉林长白山脉、内蒙古大兴安岭、黑龙江牡丹江、辽宁各地）进行了多次寄蝇资源科考调查采集活动，采集到并整理昆虫标本近2.5万号；建成沈师大昆虫标本馆；为有关社会部门和行业提供了专业鉴定和科普服务。