波能装置的非线性随机波浪载荷

The nonlinear and random wave loads on a wave energy device are studied by use of theoretical analysis, numerical computation, physical model test in combination with the application to a prototype power station. A boundary element model and numerical computational methods for the hydrodynamical analysis of wave energy devices in waves, and a state space model for the analysis of random wave loads, have been established. The random wave loads on the wave energy device over complicated topography are obtained；A mathematical model and its corresponding numerical method for wave transformation, breaking and wave set-up over complicated topography are developed. Wave transformations, breaking height and wave set up due to breaking have been also obtained. The wave loads on the wave energy device, the motion of water column inside the device and the induced loads are studied. Based on these studies, proper protection measures have been taken and structure design has been made to keep the wave energy device safe and five patents are invented. The results had been applied to the project "Development of the 100kW shoreline wave power station" supported by China's National Key Technologies R&D Program in the 9th five-year plan. It turns out in practice that these protection measures applied are very effective, which makes the station still in good condition though the main parts of the station have encountered attacks of several typhoons. Moreover, to better resolve the difficulties of simulation of nonlinear water waves, the Hamilton system of water wave is used to study nonlinear waves and a one dimensional theoretical model based on the the Hamilton system and its corresponding numerical method are developed for nonlinear waves in shallow water. The approach is a firenew attempt in the study of nonlinear waves in the world. The results can present important reference to the development of other type prototype wave power stations.

本项目通过数值、模型及实海况试验的方法研究复杂地形上波浪的非线性三维流动及破碎、大浪对波能装置的砰击及随机波载荷，并针对载荷的过程、量级及分布设计波能装置的保护设施及结构。载荷研究是波能装置由原理及性能研究转向实用研究的关键步骤，通过本研究可大大降低成本并提高波能装置的生存期；对其它海工结构的载荷研究也有一定的意义。