基于寄生结构及超材料调控的宽角扫描相控阵天线研究

This project intends to develop a wide-angle scanning phased array antenna based on parasitic structures and metamaterials control, based on the development trend of phased array antennas. aiming at the problems of excessively fast gain drop and cell impedance mismatch in existing phased array antennas during wide-angle scanning. Efficient current source model wide beam antenna analysis and design, wide angle scanning antenna array unit pattern reconfigurable technology, metamaterial-based antenna array coupling suppression technology content research. The key scientific issues to be solved include the construction of an equivalent antenna current source with wide beam radiation as the target, the reconstruction of the antenna unit pattern for wide-angle scanning, and the enhancement of the coupling suppression performance of the metamaterial in the constraint of the structure size. Strive to achieve a novel wide beam antenna element design method based on current source radiation theory, a pattern reconstitution technique aiming at wide-angle scanning of phased array antennas, and an antenna array coupling suppression technique for phase beam array scanning angle width optimization The innovative results lay a theoretical foundation for the study of wide-angle scanning phased-array antenna arrays based on wide beam elements, improve the scanning amplitude of large-angle beams, improve the design precision of wide-beam elements, and enable new phases with large scanning angles and high efficiencies in the future. Controlled array antenna has key technical support.

本项目以未来相控阵天线宽角度扫描理论与潜在应用为背景，开展基于寄生结构及超材料调控的宽角扫描相控阵天线研究，针对现有相控阵天线在宽角扫描时增益下降过快和单元阻抗失配的问题，重点开展基于等效电流源模型的宽波束天线分析与设计、宽角扫描天线阵列单元方向图可重构技术、基于超材料的天线阵列耦合抑制技术的内容研究。拟解决的关键科学问题包括以宽波束辐射为目标的天线等效电流源构建、用于宽角扫描的天线单元方向图重构、超材料在以结构尺寸为约束的耦合抑制效能提升。力求在基于电流源辐射理论的新型宽波束天线单元设计方法、以相控阵天线宽角扫描为目标的方向图可重构技术、用于相控阵扫描角宽优化的天线阵列耦合抑制技术等方面取得创新性成果，为以宽波束单元为基础的宽角扫描相控天线阵列研究奠定理论基础，提升大角度扫描波束增益，提高宽波束单元设计水平，为未来大扫描角度、高效率的新型相控阵天线设计提供关键技术支撑。

本项目以相控阵技术发展为背景，开展了基于等效电流模型构建的相控阵天线宽角扫描性能研究。针对现有相控阵天线在宽角扫描时增益下降过快和有源阻抗变化明显的问题，充分利用等效电流源模型与方向图可重构技术，重点开展了基于等效电流源模型的宽波束天线分析与设计、宽角扫描天线阵列单元方向图可重构技术、基于人工电磁材料的天线阵列耦合抑制技术的内容研究。解决的关键科学问题包括以宽波束辐射为目标的天线等效电流源构建、加载变容二极管为基础的的可重构相控天线扫描角度扩展问题、人工电磁材料在以结构尺寸为约束的耦合抑制效能提升。在基于电流源辐射理论的新型宽波束天线单元设计方法、以相控阵天线宽角扫描为目标的方向图可重构技术、用于相控阵扫描角宽优化的天线阵列耦合抑制技术以及宽角扫描一维相控天线阵列设计方面取得了创新性成果，整个研究成果为以宽波束单元为基础的宽角扫描相控天线阵列研究奠定理论基础，使未来具备大扫描角度、高扫描精细度和灵敏度的新型相控阵天线阵列具备关键技术支撑，研究成果可服务于卫星通信、卫星导航以及宽空域扫描雷达等系统。