卫星舱设备分配与布置集成的总体布局优化方法

The strategies for developing spacecraft of our country emphasize original innovation and overall optimization. The overall layout optimization of instruments (components) in multi-cabin (or multi-panel) spacecraft has been put on the agenda, which includes how to distribute all components into each cabins (called component distribution), how to palce these components distributed to the same cabin (called component placement), and how to holistically optimize component distribution and component placement. One of the difficulties is that this problem belongs to system optimization, therefore, from the system modeling perspetive, a parallel coevolution framework and multilevel system model need to be built for commanding overall arrangements. The second difficulty lies in the annular interdependent coupling between component distribution and component placement, i.e. one is the functional of another one. The result of component distribution should be evaluated by overall layout system, therefore, a overall layout optimization model based on coarse granularity is adopted to quick provide evaluation criteria alongwith the result of overall layout. Then a fine granularity model is adopted to overall optimize again, and the coordination mechanism should be proveded for coarse granularity model cooperating with fine granularity model. The third difficulty is that the research should be application oriented, therefore, a targeted knowledge fusion method should be provided by imitating design mode of satellite enginner, and the final optimization is performed on the overall layout simulation platform of satellite module. This study yields eventully integrated overall layout optimization theory and methodology for both component distribution and component placement within a satellite module, which attempts to provide technical support for the overall layout optimization for a kind of spacecraft module.

我国航天器发展战略重视原始创新和总体优化，其中多舱段(或多支撑面)航天器舱的设备(简称组件)总体布局优化问题提到日程。它是研究如何将组件集合中组件分配到各单舱段(组件分配)和组件在单舱段布置(组件布置)，以及二者集成的总体布局优化问题。难点一是该问题属于系统布局优化，为此从系统建模角度，建立该总体布局优化并行协同进化框架和多层系统模型统领全局。难点二是组件分配与布置二者间存在循环相互依存耦合关系，实质是互为对方泛函问题。组件分配优劣需用总体布局系统评价，为此用粗粒度总体布局优化模型快速给出其评价依据并附总体布局结果，然后用细粒度模型再总体优化，并给出粗、细粒度二者模型协同的协调机制。难点三是要面向应用，为此进一步仿卫星工程师设计模式给出具针对性知识融合方法，基于卫星舱总体布局仿真平台再最后优化。以卫星为例给出设备分配与布置集成总体布局优化理论与方法，为一类航天器舱总体布局优化提供技术支持。

过去多舱段卫星舱设备（组件）布局优化，一般先给定组件分配方案再进行组件布局，优化中该组件分配方案不再改变，即多舱段组件不能跨舱段迁移或互换，这严重限制了卫星舱组件布局设计水平进一步提高。本项目以多舱段卫星舱组件布局设计为背景，研究带动力学质量特性约束的卫星舱组件分配与布置总体布局优化理论与方法，取得如下研究成果：（1）为了解决可变组件分配问题，给出组件分配与组件布置集成优化模型和若干组件分配及其与组件布置集成优化方法，解决了组件分配与组件布置的集成优化问题，并在典型多舱段卫星舱布局案例上得到验证。（2）针对多舱段卫星舱组件布局优化的设计变量多、约束复杂求解困难问题，给出了若干高效的进化算法，提高了卫星舱组件布局优化求解的效率和精度，并用标准函数测试集和典型布局算例进行了验证。（3）为了充分发挥人智在算法中的作用，给出了人机结合的进化算法，发挥了人智、计算知识和先验知识的融合作用，进一步提高了算法的求解能力。（4）在前期开发的系统原型上增加本项目组件分配和双系统合作式协同进化算法模块，完成了支持多舱段航天器舱设备布局设计原型系统。本项目研究成果解决了多舱段卫星舱组件分配与布置的集成优化难题，并应用到某大型航天器布局设计中。有助于促进多舱段航天器舱复杂布局设计理论及应用研究突破性进展，可为一类航天器总体布局优化设计提供理论依据和技术支持，也希望为其它类似装备舱总体布局优化提供参考或支持，具有重要理论意义和应用价值。.发表学术论文被SCI检索6篇，被EI检索10篇，成功申请发明专利2项，成功申请软件著作权登记4项。