马铃薯黑痣病弱毒相关dsRNA病毒的分子鉴定和传染机制研究

Rhizoctonia solani is one of the most hazardous diseases in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The infection rate is about 20%-100% in the field. Pesticide is almost useless to the field of continuous potato. Consequently, utilizing weak strain of Rhizoctonia solani as biological antiseptic is a good way to reduce both environmental pollution and burden task of improving potato varieties due to the virus mutation. So far we collected 300 strains and 2 weak strains of Rhizoctonia solani. Therefore, in our experiment we will conduct the research on the molecular identification related to weak dsRNA virus strains and its contagious mechanism. The new strains with wide affinity, low toxicity and adaptability will be got by using protoplast fusion or organelles transplant technology through transfering dsRNA virus or the key genes related to pathopoiesia. In practical the lethal proteins will be used as new biotechnological antiseptic. Therefore, the aim of our work is to looking for a new route to conduct biological prevention and cure, as well as providing theory basic for pathopoiesis mutant by studying molecular mechanism of fungi infection.

马铃薯黑痣病是目前内蒙古地区马铃薯生产上的重要病害，经调查田间发病率在20-100%，连作的马铃薯田，药剂防治效果不理想，利用植物病原真菌的弱毒菌株，生产一些高效、特异、灵敏的生防制剂，既可以减少化学防治造成的环境污染，又减轻了因病菌变异造成不断培育马铃薯抗病新品种的繁重负担。因此，本项目利用本实验室采集的病原菌菌株300多份，弱毒菌株2份开展马铃薯黑痣病弱毒相关dsRNA病毒的分子鉴定和传染机制研究，利用原生质体融合或胞器移殖等细胞工程技术转移dsRNA病毒或其中的关键致病基因, 培育亲和性范围广、传递低毒性功能强和适应自然环境的低毒性菌株, 或将弱毒菌株dsRNA病毒的关键致病基因克隆到大肠杆菌中，生产植物病原真菌的致死蛋白，做为新型生物工程杀菌剂。通过项目的实施，研究调控病菌致病性的分子机理，为病菌致病力变异机制提供有价值的理论依据，开辟一条植物病原真菌病害生物防治的新途径。